Catur Lintang R 173221039

Miftahul Jadid 173221044

Lutfi Aulia A 173221050
Anik Septiani 173221056
Reffi Sabilawati 173221058 PBI-4B
 ord formation is the creation of a new word.

It is a branch of science of the language, which studies the patterns on which a language forms new
lexical items (new unities, new words)

It is a process of forming words by combining root and affixal morphemes.

A process with the result of a new lexeme

PRODU
DIFFERENT TYPES
CTIVE OF WORD FORMATION

Productive Non-productive
PRODUCTIVE NON-PRODUCTIVE

Affixation Stress
Word Composition Interchange
Conversion Sound Imitation
Abbreviation Blending
Back Formation
PRODUCTIVE

It consists of adding an affix to
the stem of a definit part of
speech.
● The main function of suffixation
is to form one part of speech
from another
● The secondary function is to
change the lexical meaning of
the same part of speech
● Affixation is devided into
suffixation and prefixation
 PREFIXATION
SUFFIXATION
A prefix is an affixation process that
includes adding a morpheme at the It is a formation of new words by
beginning of the word. adding suffixes to the stem.
1. Noun forming
1. Negative prefixes
1. (unfair, non-stop)
(-er, -dom, -ism)
1. Adjective forming
2. Pejorative prefixes
(to misbehave) (-able, -less, -ous)
1. Verb forming
3. Prefixes of place
(midway, transatlantic) (-ize, -ify, -en)
1. Adverb forming
4.Prefixes of time and order
(ex-wife, midnight, preview) (-ly, -ward, -wise)
1. Numeral forming
5. Prefixes of number
(mon-, poly-, semi-, tri-) (-teen, -ty, -fold)
 The word email, for instance, can
Conversion be used as a verb in Modern
English thought it was only a noun
Refers to the process of in the past.
changing or converting the
class of a word without
chanhing its form.
 Noun to verb
• Bottle= The wine was brewed in France but bottled in Hong Kong.

Verb to noun
• Cheat= He used some cheats in the computer game to make him win easier.

Adjective to noun
• Crazy= Stop shouting and running around like a crazy

Adjective to verb
• Empty= Can you empty the bin for me, please?
Abbreviation is a word groups that can be shortened.
Examples:
1. Professor- prof
2. Fantasy – fancy
Abbreviation can be graphical
- a.m. in the -> in the morning
- i.e. -> that is
Abbreviation can be an initial
- J.V. -> Joint venture
-UNESCO -> The United Nations Children’s Fund
- NATO -> The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
It refers to the joining of two separate words to produce a single word.

Bookcase

Fingerprint Facebook

Basketball Bookworm

Sunburn
When a word of more than one syllable is reduced to a shorter form, the process is
called clipping

Brassiere • bra
Advertisement • ad
Fanatic • fan
Telephone • phone
Influenza • flu
Non-productive
Other terms for onomatopoeia and echoism.
Words coined by this type of word building are made by imitating different kinds of sounds
that may be produced by animals, birds, human beings and inanimate objects.
- splash
- meow
- roar
 Blending?????

……………………
Blending is typically accomplished
by combining the initial part of one word
and the last part of another word.
Brunch
Emoticon
Breakfast
Medicare
+ Emotion
Lunch + Medical
Icon +
Care
It is the process of shortening a long word by
cutting of an affix to form a new word. The new
word has a different part of speech from the
original word.
- Television -> televise
- Donation -> donate
-Backformation -> backform