MORISSA SANT

Diploma in Food Science and Technology

FOOD1012 (3 credits)
Life Skills for Food Technicians
Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed
people can change the world: indeed it is the only thing
that ever has
--- Margaret Mead
 What is a TEAM?

A group of people working together to achieve a common

goal.
What is TEAMWORK?

The ability to cooperate and communicate effectively with

others to achieve a common goal.

What is a TEAM PLAYER

A team player is someone who is able to get along with their

colleagues and work together in a cohesive group
 Reason / Need for a TEAM WORK

Team work satisfies the human social need to belong.

Two heads are better than one.
Shared responsibility - allows team members to feel
equally responsible for the performance of the team and
its outcome
Team members build trust and want to help each other.
Promotes better communication.
Multiplies the potential of individual members.
 How does a Team Work Best?
A Teams succeeds when its members have :

Positive Interdependence: We instead of me

Individual Accountability/ Personal Responsibility
Defined roles and responsibilities
Effective decision system
Good Communication and Work Procedures
Group Processing
Shared goals
Processes for Conflict Resolution
TEAM WORK TRAITS & SKILLS

Skills Traits
Honesty/integrity
Listen
Patience
Respect Dependability
Help Resourcefulness
Enthusiasm
Share Punctuality
Participate Responsibility
Tolerance/sensitivity
Cooperativeness
 Stages in Team Building
Tuckman's Model of Team Development

In order to create the conditions where you have

effective teams, you need to be aware of the life
cycle of a team
Forming

Storming
Norming

Performing
 Stage I - FORMING
The team is assembled and the task is allocated.

In this stage team members tend to behave independently

and although goodwill may exist they do not know each other
well enough to unconditionally trust one another.

Feelings / Steps During this Stage

Confusion Uncertainty
Assessing situation Testing ground rules
Feeling out others Defining goals
Getting acquainted Establishing rules
 Stage II - STORMING

In this stage The team starts to address the task suggesting

ideas. Different ideas may compete for ascendancy and if
badly managed this phase can be very destructive during
team work.

Feelings / Steps During this Stage

 disagreement over priorities

 struggle for leadership
 tension
 hostility
 clique formation
 Stage III - NORMING

As the team moves out of the Storming phase they will enter the
Norming phase. This tends to be a move towards harmonious working
practices with teams agreeing on the rules and values by which they
operate.

In the ideal situation teams begin to trust themselves during this phase
as they accept the vital contribution of each member to the team. Team
leaders can take a step back from the team at this stage as individual
members take greater responsibility.

The risk during the Norming stage is that the team becomes
complacent and loses either their creative edge or the drive that
brought them to this phase.
 Stage III - NORMING

Feelings / Steps During this Stage

 consensus
 leadership
 accepted
 trust established
 standards set
 new stable roles
 co-operation
 Stage IV - PERFORMING

Not all teams make it to the Performing phase, which is essentially an

era of high performance.
Performing teams are identified by high levels if independence,
motivation, knowledge and competence.
Decision making is collaborative and dissent is expected and
encouraged as there will be a high level of respect in the
communication between team members.
Feelings / Steps During this Stage

 Successful performance
 flexible, task roles
 openness
 helpfulness
 FORMING A TEAM
(Roles and Responsibilities)
In order to successfully work as a team each individual role must be
established.
Team Leader
 Official contact between the team and the rest of the organization
 Implement team recommendation
 Will be the “coach” for the rest of the team
 Encourages and maintains open communication
 Motivates and inspires team members
 Facilitates problem solving and collaboration
 Other Team Roles
Initiator - Someone who suggests new ideas. One or more people can have this
role at a time.

Recorder - This person records whatever ideas a team member may have. It is
important that this person quote a team member accurately and not "edit" or
evaluate them.

Devil's Advocate/Skeptic - This is someone whose responsibility is to look for

potential flaws in an idea.

Optimist - This is someone who tries to maintain a positive frame of mind and
facilitates the search for solutions.

Timekeeper - Someone who tracks time spent on each portion of the meeting.

Gate Keeper - This person works to ensure that each member gives input on an
issue. One strategy to do this is to ask everyone to voice their opinion one at a
time. Another is to cast votes.

Summarizer - Someone who summarizes a list of options.

 Conflict During Team Work
Conflict may arise for many reasons such as

 Poor Communication
 Dissatisfaction with Management Style
 Weak Leadership
 Lack of Openness
 Change in Leadership
 How to Avoid or Resolve Conflict

 Avoid arguing over individual ranking or position. Present a

position as logically as possible.
 Avoid & win-lose statements. Discard the notion that
someone must win.
 Avoid changing of minds only in order to avoid conflict and
to achieve harmony.
 Treat differences of opinion as indicative of incomplete
sharing of relevant information, keep asking questions.
 Keep the attitude that holding different views is both natural
and healthy to team building.
 Conclusion
For successful Team work the following must be established:

 Effective systems and processes.

 Effective communication
 Well-defined decision procedures and ground rules
 Equal participation
 Awareness of the group process
 Good personal relationships
 References
Building Blocks For Teams (N.D.). Retrieved on 31/05/2017 from
http://tlt.its.psu.edu/suggestions/teams/student/conflicts.html

Cooney, R. & Sohal, A. (2004). Teamwork and Total Quality Management: A Durable Partnership.
Total Quality Management, 15(8), 1131-1142.

Goetsch, D.L & Davis, S.B. (2006). Quality Management for Organizational Excellence.
Columbus, Ohio: Prentice Hall.

In-Tuition Learning and Development (2009) What Is Teamwork? Retrieved on 31/05/2017 from
http://www.practical-management-skills.com/what-is-teamwork.html

Strokes Jr., S.L. (1995). Rewards and Recognition for Teams. Information Systems Management ,
12(3), 61-66.