PHED 1032 – PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY TOWARDS
HEALTH AND FITNESS
(Swimming)
AQUATICS
SWIMMING
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
OF SWIMMING
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
Swimming has been known since
prehistoric times; the earliest records of
swimming date back to Stone Age paintings from
around 7,000 years ago. Written references date
from 2000 BC. Some of the earliest references
include the Gilgamesh, the Iliad, the Odyssey, the
Bible (Ezekiel 47:5, Acts 27:42, Isaiah 25:11),
Beowulf, and other sagas.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
In 1538, Nikolaus Wynmann, a German
professor of languages, wrote the first swimming
book, The Swimmer or A Dialogue on the Art of
Swimming. Competitive swimming in Europe
started around 1800, mostly using breaststroke. In
1873 John Arthur Trudgen introduced the trudgen
to Western swimming competitions, after copying
the front crawl used by Native Americans.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
Richard Cavill introduced the front crawl to
the Western world. In 1908, the world swimming
association, Fédération Internationale de Natation
(FINA), was formed.

Butterfly was developed in the 1930s and

was at first a variant of breaststroke until it was
accepted as a separate style in 1952.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING

ANCIENT GREEKS
Swimming was part of culture.
Those uneducated who can neither
swim nor read and write cannot hold a
public position.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
MESOPOTAMIA
Excavations in Syria revealed four-
thousand-year old baths, the water
temperature of which could be regulated as
desired.
It an integral part of combat training of
the Assyrians as well as young people in Israel.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
OTHER CIVILIZATIONS
Germans used swimming as a tactical
exercise while Finnish considered it as a
natural movement like running.

In Japan, swimming had an important

role in the training of Samurai.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
In Persia, warriors did not know the
mysteries of water. They were not allowed
to defile the holy water by entering it.
The lack of swimming ability caused the
demise of persian warrior during the battle
of Salamis in 480 B.C
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
In Rome, swimming is useful for
entertainment and in public life, and its role
in politics was quickly realized.
Swimming for the Romans did not only have
health and “body exercising” function, but
also it was considered as indispensable in
military training.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
In 1904, the Olympic Games in St. Loius,
Missouri, held the 50 yards, 100 yards, 200
yards and 880 yards freestyle; 100 yards
backstroke and 440 yards breaststroke; 4 x 50
yards freestyle relay.
This was the first time that Olympics specified
if an event was a freestyle or breaststroke.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING
Swimming was part of the first modern
Olympic games in 1896, Athens.
Mark Spitz in 1972 broke all the records in
the history of swimming at the 1972
Summer Olympics and won seven gold
medals.
 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWIMMING

As of this date, Michael Phelps has

won 16 Olympics medals. Phelps won
six golds and two bronze medals in
2004. In 2008 Beijing Olympics he won
8 gold medals.
VALUES RELATED TO
SWIMMING
 VALUES RELATED TO SWIMMING
1. FITNESS – swimming is the one of the
sports that promotes total fitness and
health
2. SELF CONFIDENCE – people who
struggle can overcome adversities through
good swimming practice.
 VALUES RELATED TO SWIMMING
3. DISCIPLINE – no good stroke technique
exists without discipline

4. TEAMWORK – swimming is impossible to

do as an individual sport. Teammates
should encourage, lead and follow to
promote teamwork
 VALUES RELATED TO SWIMMING
5. DELAYED GRATIFICATION – swimmers
learn to accept that “things take time” to
develop
6. DEDICATION – swimmers learn as they
grow older that one cannot be “all things
all the time”
 VALUES RELATED TO SWIMMING
7. SKILL IMPROVEMENT– technique and
skills develop so swimmers can improve
and swim faster.
8. COMPASSION – swimmers succeed and
fail time to time. They can learn to support
each other and be inspired by the work of
others.
STYLE
A style is also known as a stroke.
"Stroke" can also refer to a single
completion of the sequence of body
movements repeated while swimming
in the given style.
 FREESTYLE
BACKSTROKE
BREASTSTROKE
BUTTERFLY
STYLE
It is possible to swim by moving
only legs without arms or only arms
without legs. Such strokes may be
used for special purposes, for
training or exercise, or by amputees
and paralytics.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF
SWIMMING
 HEALTH BENEFITS OF SWIMMING

The functioning of the heart and

circulatory affects positively. The
increase in metabolism, stress
and resistance of water during
bathing have a significant effect
on the heart and circulatory
system
 HEALTH BENEFITS OF SWIMMING
It increases the functional
capacity of respiratory muscles.
Swimming is directly linked to
adequate and regular supply of
oxygen. Good breathing technique
strengthens the respiratory
muscles.
 HEALTH BENEFITS OF SWIMMING
Combat weaknesses and faults
in posture. Due to the buoyancy
maintain proper posture and
overall anchorage mechanism,
ligaments and joints are not
charged at all.
 HEALTH BENEFITS OF SWIMMING
Simultaneously exercise all muscles of
the body heavily. Exercising in water
causes euphoria and makes placing
and exploding hormones responsible
for the good will that results to the
feeling of great happiness. Also,
swimming promotes mental alertness.