Plants and their Environment

Parts of the Plants:

A. Roots – absorb water, minerals and other materials from the soil
Root Hairs – increase the absorption of water and other nutrients

Tundra – a very cold place, its soil can be frozen making it difficult for
plants to pass through
Hydrotropism – roots tend to grow toward the source of water

B.Stem – gives support to the different parts of the plants

Xylem – special plant tissues that transport the water needed by the
plants
Trunk – is also a stem that makes the plants stand firm
Thorns – modified stems to protect plants from getting eaten or
damaged by humans and animals

C. Leaf – produces food

Photosynthesis – food-making process of plants that happens in
the leaf
Phloem – special tissues that distribute the food and other
nutrients from the leaves to different parts of the plant
Stoma/stomata – pores where air enters the plant and can be
found on the underside of leaves
Carbon Dioxide – the air that enters the leaf and is used in
photosynthesis
Guard Cells – open and close each stoma

Chlorophyll – the green pigment that captures light and makes

leaves green

Phototropism – a response that raises the chance of leaves to get

sunlight as plants tend to grow toward the place where light is
abundant

Parts of a Flower:
1. Stamen – male part of a flower
a. Anther – produces pollen grains, which contain male cells
b. Filament – holds the anther to keep it upright’
2. Pistil – female part of a flower, usually located at the center of the
flower
a. Stigma – sticky knob at the top of the pistil
b. Style – long, tubelike structure that connects the ovary and the
stigma
c. Ovary – enlarged base of the style that contains the female egg
cells called ovules
3. Petals – most noticeable part of the flower that is brightly colored and
attract pollinators
4. Sepals – where petals are attached at the base of the flower, protect
and hold the developing bud
Angiosperm – are flowering plants and produce enclosed seeds

Pollination – the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma
of a flower from one plant to another
Habitats of Plants:
A. Terrestrial plants – grow in land and have strong stems
Succulent plants – store water in their stems and leaves to survive
the long drought
ex: cactus
B. Aquatic plants – grow in, on, or near bodies of water
Underwater plants – do not need to protect from drying and do not
have stomata
Floating aquatic plants – the backside of its leaves submerged in
water, only the side facing the sun has stomata
to take in air which surface is exposed to sunlight
ex: water lily