Presented By:-

Submitted To:- Ankit Mittal

Dr. A.B.Gupta 2016UCE1202
C-2 Batch
1
Research Paper Topic:-Constructed floating wetland
for the treatment of domestic sewage: A realscale
study
Authors:-Tatiane Benvenutia, Fernando Hamerskib,
Alexandre Giacobbob, Andréa M. Bernardesb, Jane
Zoppas-Ferreirab, Marco A.S. Rodriguesa.
Journal:-Journal of Environmental Chemical
Engineering 6(2018) 5706-5711
https://www.journals.elsevier.com
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Objective:-

 To understand the mechanism & use of constructed

floating wetland for the treatment of domestic sewage.
 Application of CFW as a single step of sewage
treatment.

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 Introduction:-
 Reduce contaminants including organic and inorganic matter,pathogens from the
water.
 The treatment processes are performed through artificially designed and
constructed complexes composed of substrate, plants, microbes, and water
bodies.
 Low operation cost, energy consumption and environmental impact.
 5th major technology for municipal wastewater treatment in Latin America.
 CW provide ancillary benefits, such as the creation of aesthetically appealing
green spaces and wildlife habitats .
 Main biological component- Macrophytes(act as catalyst for purification
reaction by increasing the environmental diversity in the root zone and
promoting a various type of chemical and biochemical reactions.

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 Establishment of the CFW system:-
 A preexisting tank in a municipal sewage treatment plant (MSTP) in Novo
Hamburgo, South Brazil, was changed in a constructed floating wetland (CFW).
 The macrophytes Typha domingensis Pers. were placed in an artificial flotation
system covering surface of tank having volume 722.5m3.
 The influence of rainwater flow rate over the performance of the treatment system
was also evaluated.
 CFW treats the raw sewage generated by 600 inhabitants from a residential
condominium.

sewage feed flow rate 67.4 ± 8.0 m3 d−1

Hydraulic retention time 11.5 ± 1.3 d

(HRT)
Recirculation discharge 53.5 ± 8.1 m3 d−1

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Source:- Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 6 (2018) 5706–5711

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Working Process
1) Removal of Suspended Particles:-
 Sedimentation
 Filtering/Entrapping of particulates within hanging root-biofilm
network.
2) Removal of OM can be related to removal of suspended particles.
 Because of the physical root filtration mechanism, suspended solids
could be filtered and trapped in the plant rhizomes and roots,
thereby allowing better biodegradation of particulate OM(by
diffusion process).
 Plants provide medium for microbial degradation & carry oxygen to
rhizosphere for aerobic degradation.
3) Nutrients are taken up by the roots of the wetland macrophytes.
Biosynthesis occur for both N and P removal while settling occur for P
removal(by making precipitation with soil ,calcium, iron etc.)

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 Results and Discussion
 In the sewage treatment using T. domingensis, physical,
chemical and biological mechanisms may act to remove and
degrade contaminants.
 The water flow carries substances to the microbial population
in the plant roots region, giving conditions to the biochemical
reactions.
 Good buffer effect :- pH in raw sewage (6.7 and 8.8) and pH
in treated effluent (6.6 and 7.4).
 A constant quality of the treated sewage is observed.
 Avg. BOD and COD removal=55%
 TSS removal=78%
Removal (g m−2 d- In Driest In Rainiest period
1)of period
COD 79.9 ± 11 41.4 ± 25.1
BOD 42.2 ± 13 22.5 ± 16.8
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Constructed floating wetland for the treatment of domestic sewage
Source:-Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 6 (2018) 5706–5711
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Troubles(Absence of DO)
 Yang et al. monitored a CFW with complete coverage of the
water surface receiving a synthetic agricultural runoff
(initialDO < 1.0mg/L),and found that the DO concentration
rapidly declined to zero and did not increase thereafter.
 Headley and Tanner stated the floating mat of CFW provides a
barrier against aeration via diffusion from the atmosphere,
wind-driven entrainment and algal photosynthesis, while also
providing an endogenous source of OM (oxygen demand).
 The DO does not act only in the phosphate adsorption but
also in nitrification reactions.

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Conclusion:-
 The reduction in organic load was satisfactory.
 One of the challenges is to increase the DO and hence
the nutrients removal.
 Future evaluations may include aeration with air
diffusers.

Comment:-
• Very economical process but require long time for
development.
• Have good quality of nutrients ,OM removal and have
less environmental effect.
• Create a aesthetically appearing green space.

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