DESIGN BASIS REPORT

ASSIGNMENT NO 1
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF A BUILDING

BATCH NO 3
CE18M020 Vichin C
CE18M064 Anujith K Babu
CE18M075 Dipesh Sharma
 DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING

An RCC building with 6 storeys above the ground level and 2 basement storey.
a. DIMENSIONS:
Plan
• Basement Storeys - 30m x21m x 3m
• Ground Floor - 30m x14m x 4m
• Upper Storeys (No :2 to 6) - 30m x14m x 3m
 DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING cont…

a. SOIL REPORT

• SBC value at 500 KN/m2

• Water Table is 6 m below ground level.

• Unit weight of soil γ= 20kN/m3

• Undrained shear strength Cu= 300KPa

• Modulus of subgrade reaction k = 60,000 kN/m3 

DENSE SAND (TYPE A with N>50)

• Proposed foundation system is isolated footing with tie

beams at 8 m below the ground level.
 DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING cont…
Checks Made for Plan Irregularity Checks Made for Vertical Irregularity
• Torsional Irregularity  • Soft Storey 
• Re-entrant corners  • Week Storey 
• Excessive slab cut-outs or openings  • Mass Irregularity
• Out of plane offset in vertical • Vertical Geometric Irregularity
elements  • In-plane discontinuity in vertical element
• Non Parallel lateral force system  resisting lateral force (zone III) 
• Irregular Modes of oscillation

DESIRABLE ATTRIBUTES
• Robust Structural Configuration 
• Atleast a minimum elastic lateral stiffness 
• Atleast a minimum lateral strength 
• Adequate Ductility 
LOADS: DEAD LOADS (IS 875:1987-Part1)
Item Weight in kN/m3
Reinforced Cement Concrete
With 1% steel 22.75 to 24.20
With 2% steel 23.25 to 24.80
With 5% steel 24.80 to 26.50

Cement Plaster 20.40

Cement Mortar 20.40
Cement concrete plain with crushed natural 22.00 to 23.50
stone aggregate
Engineering Bricks 21.20
Heavy duty brick 24.50
Gypsum Plaster board
9.5mm thick 0.069 to 0.098
12.5mm thick 0.093 to 0.147

Reinforcing Steel 78.50

 LOADS:SUPERIMPOSED LOADS (IS 875:1987-Part2)
Item Intensity in kN/m2 of plan area
Floor Finish ( 20mm thick tiles with 15 mm thick cement mortar) 1.00
Weathering Proof Course – 150mm thick brickbat coba with
3.00
IPS finish

False Ceiling with services 1.00

Light weight partition on floor 1.00

MEP Services 0.25
External Glazing 2.00
Toilet Sunk load ( consider 100 mm sunk) 2.00
Solar panel load 2.00
Roof sheeting 0.15
Polycarbonate sheet/ skylight 0.15
 LOADS:LIVE LOADS (IS 875:1987-Part2)
Occupancy Classification UDL (KN/m2) UDL (KN/m2)

Seminar room /Auditorium / projector room 5.00

Business computing machine room 5.00
Office room,Corridors, passage, lobbies ,balconies and staircases
including fire escape 4.00

Record/ File Stack room 5.00

Bath and toilet rooms 2.00
Sloping roof with slope less than 100 (access not provided Except
for repair) 0.75

Flat roof 1.50

Cafeteria/Pantry/Dining room 3.00
Rooms without separate storage 4.00
Vaults and strong room 5.00
Rooms for general use with separate storage 2.50
Stationery stores 4.00 for each metre of storage height
 MATERIALS
MATERIAL UNIT Weight in kn/m3
Steel 78.5
Reinforced Concrete 25
Plain Concrete 24
Soil 20
Water 10

ANALYSIS

Static gravity load and Lateral loads due to Earthquake/Wind loads and its combinations.
Superstructure : ETABS 18.0.1
Substructure : SAFE 2016
 ANALYSIS : ASSUMPTIONS
• Modelled as 3D space members and analysed using ETABS
• Mass and mass moment of inertia lumped at center of mass
• Fixed at the base since raft footing is assumed
• Slab and walls are modelled as shell elements
• All beams and columns are modelled as line elements
• Rigid diaphragm is used in each floor
• Special Moment Resisting frames with ductile shear wall
• Accidental eccentricity is considered in the analysis for earthquakes
• Angle of internal friction for soil is assumed as 300
• Infill walls are not considered in the analysis.
• Line Load corresponding to 230mm thick brick wall is applied on main
beams
 ANALYSIS : DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS

• Design of all RCC members conform to IS 456:2000

• Design life of structure is taken as 50 years.
• Ductile detailing in accordance with IS 13920:2015
• Staircase load is applied as distributed load on slab
• Peripheral walls at basement is designed separately as Basement
Retaining wall taking frame action into consideration.
• Design of Beams is done for the Envelope Case
• Design of Beams are done as rectangular section
• Columns, Walls and Foundation is designed for the worst load case
combination.
• Accidental eccentricity is considered in the analysis for earthquake
 ANALYSIS
• DEFLECTION:
Deflection limit under serviceability loads for the components of the
building is checked as per IS 456:2000 (cl: 23.2)
• CRACK WIDTH:
Maximum crack width for all structural members except retaining walls
and retaining structures is limited to 0.3mm (cl:35.3.2)
• COVER:
ELEMENT COVER(mm)
COLUMN 40
SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM 25
CONTINOUS BEAM 25
SLAB 20
SHEAR WALL 30
FOOTING 75
RETAINING WALL 50
 ANALYSIS: Steps
• MODAL GENERATION GRIDLINES
• MATERIAL PROPERTIES
• DEFINE FRAME SECTION
• DEFINE SLAB SECTION
• DEFINE DIAPHRAM
• DEFINE WALL
• DEFIGN PIER LABEL
• DEFINE LOAD PATTERN LOAD CASE
• DEFINE MASS SOURSERESPONSE SPECTRUM FUNCTION
• ASSIGN FRAME/SLAB/WALL SECTION
• ASSIGN PIER LABEL
• ASSIGN LOAD
 ANALYSIS : LOAD CASES
Sl SELF WEIGHT
No: NAME DESCRIPTION LOAD CASE TYPE MULTIPLIER
1 DL DEAD LOAD LINEAR 1
2 SDL SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD LINEAR 0
3 LL1 < 3.5 LIVE LOAD (25% for seismic weight) LINEAR 0
N/mm2
LL2 > 3.5 LIVE LOAD (50% for seismic weight)
4 N/mm2 LINEAR 0
LINEAR
5 LL3(terrace) TERRACE LOAD (0% for seismic weight) 0
6 WLX WIND LOAD (IS 875:2015) LINEAR 0
WIND LOAD (IS 875:2015)
7 WLY LINEAR 0
EQUIVALENT STATIC EARTHQUAKE
8 ELX LOAD IN X LINEAR 0
EQUIVALENT STATIC EARTHQUAKE
9 ELY LOAD IN Y LINEAR 0
RESPONSE SPECTRUM EARTHQUAKE
10 RSX LOAD IN X RESPONSE SPECTRUM 0
RESPONSE SPECTRUM EARTHQUAKE
RESPONSE SPECTRUM
11 RSY LOAD IN Y 0
 ANALYSIS : LOAD COMBINATIONS
NAME COMBINATION TYPE
BASIC COMBINATION 1.5DL + 1.5SDL + 1.5LL1+1.5LL2 Linear

1.2DL + 1.2SDL +
WIND COMBINATION 1 Linear
1.2LL1+1.2LL2+1.2WLX
1.2DL + 1.2SDL + 1.2LL1+1.2LL2-
WIND COMBINATION 2 Linear
1.2WLX
1.2DL + 1.2SDL +
WIND COMBINATION 3 Linear
1.2LL1+1.2LL2+1.2WLY
1.2DL + 1.2SDL + 1.2LL1+1.2LL2-
WIND COMBINATION 4 Linear
1.2WLY
WIND COMBINATION 5 1.5DL + 1.5SDL +1.5WLX Linear

WIND COMBINATION 6 1.5DL + 1.5SDL -1.5WLX Linear

WIND COMBINATION 7 1.5DL + 1.5SDL +1.5WLy Linear

WIND COMBINATION 8 1.5DL + 1.5SDL -1.5WLY Linear

WIND COMBINATION 9 0.9DL + 0.9SDL +1.5WLX Linear

WIND COMBINATION 10 0.9DL + 0.9SDL -1.5WLX Linear

WIND COMBINATION 11 0.9DL + 0.9SDL +1.5WLY Linear

WIND COMBINATION 12 0.9DL + 0.9SDL -1.5WLY Linear

 ANALYSIS : LOAD COMBINATIONS
NAME COMBINATION TYPE
EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 1 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2+ELX+0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 2 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2+ELX-0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 3 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2-ELX-0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 4 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2-ELX+0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 5 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2+ELY+0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 6 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2+ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 7 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2-ELY+0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 8 1.2(DL + SDL +LL2-ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 9 1.5(DL + SDL +ELX+0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 10 1.5(DL + SDL +ELX-0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 11 1.5(DL + SDL +ELY+0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 12 1.5(DL + SDL +ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 13 1.5(DL + SDL -ELY+0.3ELX) Linear

 ANALYSIS : LOAD COMBINATIONS
NAME COMBINATION TYPE
EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 14 1.5(DL + SDL –ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 15 1.5(DL + SDL -ELX+0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 16 1.5(DL + SDL -ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 17 1.5(DL + SDL –ELY+0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 18 1.5(DL + SDL –ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 19 0.9(DL + SDL )+1.5(ELY+0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 20 0.9(DL + SDL )+1.5(ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 21 0.9(DL + SDL )-1.5(ELY+0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 22 0.9(DL + SDL )-1.5(ELY-0.3ELX) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 23 0.9(DL + SDL )+1.5(ELX+0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 24 0.9(DL + SDL )+1.5(ELX-0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 25 0.9(DL + SDL )-1.5(ELX+0.3ELY) Linear

EARTHQUAKE COMBINATION 26 0.9(DL + SDL )-1.5(ELX-0.3ELY) Linear

MODEL: Basement2
ANALYSIS : Basement 1
MODEL: Storey 1 to Storey 6
MODEL: 3D Model View
 ANALYSIS: SEISMIC WEIGHT

STOREY NO. WEIGHT(kg)

Storey6 355196.97
Storey5 534802.08
Storey4 530977.76
Storey3 532602.45
Storey2 535469.96
Storey1 569577.66
Basement1 757876.48
Basement2 689623.82
Total 4618338kg = 4618 tonnes
ANALYSIS: Mass Moment of Inertia and Centre Of Mass
MASS MOMENT OF
INERTIA
STOREY X mass center (m) Y mass center (m)
t-m²

Storey 6 21818.8632 16.5 14.615

Storey5 23666.2749 16.4656 14.6125

Storey4 24341.3569 16.5001 14.6216

Storey3 24743.9735 16.5001 14.6226

Storey2 25148.9414 16.5001 14.6241

Storey1 26388.3645 16.5001 14.6269

Basement1 44788.1824 16.5001 11.7394

Basement2 47615.0154 16.5001 11.4919

 ANALYSIS: STOREYSTIFFNESS
Stiffness X ( kN/m ) Stiffness X ( kN/m ) Stiffness Y ( kN/m) Stiffness Y ( kN/m)
STOREY
ELX ELY RSX RSY

Storey6 352645.695 454479.965 301125.281 240.5326

Storey5 677845.922 884556.633 599772.721 500.4175

Storey4 878488.063 1150455.029 806043.912 681.6299

Storey3 1015279.102 1338256.437 990683.059 820.721

Storey2 1159578.822 1532780.817 1230242.333 938.5726

Storey1 1077819.586 1442558.579 1234505.957 1043.9187

Basement1 2113843.426 2950906.79 2487612.81 1136.4643

Basement2 4854399.686 6985736.662 5579575.551 1176.2299

Earthquake Load : STOREY STIFFNESS

RSX RSY
 ANALYSIS: STOREY DRIFT

ELX drift (mm) ELY drift (mm) RSX drift (mm) RSY drift (mm)
STOREY

Storey 6 1.19 0.002 0.8 0.025

Storey5 1.215 0.002 0.821 0.025
Storey4 1.195 0.002 0.819 0.025
Storey3 1.134 0.002 0.794 0.024
Storey2 1.016 0.001 0.732 0.022
Storey1 1.094 0.001 0.817 0.024
Basement1 0.558 0.001 0.451 0.02
Basement2 0.243 0.0004681 0.211 0.009
 STOREY DRIFT

ELX ELY
 ANALYSIS: STOREY SHEAR

ELX drift (kN) ELY drift (kN) RSX drift (kN) RSY drift (kN)
STOREY

Storey 6 419.4931 417.551 240.969 240.5326

Storey5 823.6633 823.0348 492.2863 500.4175
Storey4 1050.1139 1049.1338 659.8955 681.6299
Storey3 1151.7354 1150.429 786.7593 820.721
Storey2 1178.1036 1176.5048 900.0489 938.5726
Storey1 1179.1199 1177.2585 1008.3931 1043.9187
Basement1 1180.0922 1177.9505 1122.5728 1136.4643
Basement2 1180.6208 1178.317 1177.6187 1176.2299
 ANALYSIS: STOREY SHEAR

RSX RSY
 WINDPRESSURE

IS 875:2015-Part3
DESIGN WIND SPEED

 Basic Wind Speed Vb = 50 m/sec  Vz = Vb .k1.k2.k3. k4.

 Terrain Category = 3 =50 x 1.00 x 1.01 x 1.0 x 1.0

= 52.50 m/s
 Risk Coefficient k1 = 1.00 (50year design life)
DESIGN WIND PRESSURE
 Terrain, Height factor k2 = 1.05
 pz =0.6 Vz 2
 Topography factor k3 = 1.00
=0.6 x 52.502
 Cyclonic factor k4 = 1.00
= 1653.75 N/m2
 WIND LOAD
WIND LOAD ON THE BUILDING

 In X direction
Cf = 1.19, Pd = 1339.54 N/m2, b = 21 m, a = 25m , h=19m
F = Cf * Pd * Ae
= 1.18*1339.54*21*19
= 630.68 kN
 In Y direction
Cf = 1.23, Pd = 1339.54 N/m2, b = 25 m, a = 21m , h=19m
F = Cf * Pd * Ae
= 1.23*1339.54*25*19
= 782.63 kN
WIND LOAD: Lateral Load on each storey
 EARTHQUAKE LOAD
Hand calculation based on Approximate
IS 1893:2016
Seismic Weight
ANNEX E Seismic Zone = III
𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝒉
Table -1 Type of Soil = Type A:Rock or Hard Soil soil 𝑻𝒂 =
√𝒅
Table-2 Zone factor (Z) = 0.16 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗 ∗ 𝟏𝟗
𝑻𝒂 = = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟔 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒅𝒔
Table-7 Response Reduction Factor (R) = 5.0 √𝟏𝟒
𝑺𝒂
Importance Factor = 1.20 •
𝒈
= 𝟐. 𝟓
Height of building (H) = 19.0m 𝒁 𝑺𝒂
𝟐𝒈
Base Dimension : 𝑨𝒉 =
𝑹
𝑰
Length( along the direction of earthquake) = 14m
 Ah= 0.048
Breadth = 30m
 Design Lateral Force VB = AhW
Fundamental Natural Period (T) is calculated for individual units as per
base dimensions and height of structure with reference to IS: 1893- W = 31700 kN
2016(cl:7.6.2) VB = 1521.6 kN
ETABS : 1200 kN
Hand Calculation : 1520 kN
 Earthquake Load : DESIGN LATERAL FORCE

EQUIVALENT STATIC METHOD RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD

Earthquake Load : STOREY OVERTURNING MOMENT

RSX RSY
 Modal Participating Mass Ratios
Case Mode Period UX UY UZ

Modal 1 0.627 0.6217 0 0

Modal 2 0.537 0.000001411 0.6369 0

Modal 3 0.396 0.0206 0.00002417 0

Modal 4 0.138 0.2116 8.739E-07 0

Modal 5 0.111 0 0.2174 0

Modal 6 0.083 0.0012 0.000001067 0

Modal 7 0.065 0.0856 0 0

Modal 8 0.05 5.738E-07 0.0885 0

Modal 9 0.042 0.0078 7.079E-07 0

Modal 10 0.037 0.0183 0 0

Modal 11 0.032 0.000001255 0.0266 0

Modal 12 0.03 0.0144 0 0

 Modes of Oscillation

1 st Mode 2 nd Mode 3 rd Mode

 MEMBER FORCE on PIER 1 (ELX case)

P1 M33 P1 S22
 MEMBER FORCE on PIER 1 (Envelope case)

P1 M22 P1 M33 P1 S22 P1 S33

M33 (ELX CASE) IN BEAMS, ELEVATION 7
M33 (ENVELOPE CASE) IN BEAMS, ELEVATION 7
MEMBER FORCE on B37 IN STOREY 1 (Envelope case)
AXIAL FORCE ON COLUMNS ELEVATION 7 (Envelope case)
 Design of Beams for flexure and shear

Member shall be designed according to IS 456:2000

Grade of concrete used = M30
Grade of steel = 500 N/mm2
Member dimensions= 300 X 500 mm
Factored axial stress less than 0.1*fck = 2.5N/mm2
Width = 250 mm > 200mm
Depth not greater than ¼ (clear span) = ¼(7000-500)= 1625 mm
Width/depth ratio = 0.6>0 .3
 Design of Beams for flexure and shear (cont.)

Maximum Load combination : DS1b1u19 (Etabs)

Dead Load : 1.5 KN/m2
Super Dead load : 1.5 KN/m2
Live Load 1 (<3 KN/m2): 1.5 KN/m2
Live Load 2 : 1.5 KN/m2
Live Load 3 : 1.5 KN/m2
ELX : 1 KN/m2
Maximum negative design moment : -423 KNm
Maximum positive Bending Moment : 357.153 KNm
Effective depth, d = 475 mm
clear cover = 25 mm
Leff / d = 12.63
Width & breadth of supporting column = 500mm
Diameter of bars available = 8, 12, 16, 20, 25, 32 mm
Assuming Bottom and Top diameter reinforcement = 25 mm
Limiting Moment = 0.36 fck * b* xu,lim, * (d-0.42 xu,lim)
 Design of Beams for flexure and shear (cont.)

Support Section :
Provide :
d’= 38mm Ast2 = 795 mm2
At top : 3-20φ + 3-25φ
d’/d = 0.08 Asc = 889 mm2
At bottom : 3-25φ
Design BM = 423 KNm Provide :
Esc = 0.00289 At bottom : 3-20φ +3-25φ
At mid span:
Fsc = 402.8 N/mm2 At top : 3-20φ
Design BM = 357 KNm
Ast1 = Mu,lim/(0.87*fy*(d-0.412*xu,lim)
Esc = 0.00285
Ast2 = (Mu-Mu,lim)/(0.97*fy*(d-d’)) Check for Shear :
Fsc = 402.8 N/mm2
Ast1 = 1622.38 mm2 Vu = 301 KN
Ast1 = 1622.38 mm2
Ast2 = 795 mm2 ß = 0.8fck/(6.39Pb)= 2.05
Tv = 2.11 N/mm2
Tc = 1.15 N/mm2
Tc,max = 3.64 N/mm2
 Design of Beams for flexure and shear (cont.)
(Tv – Tc) *b*d = (2.11-1.15)*300*475 = 136.8 KN = Vds
Spacing : Sv = 0.87fy*Ast*d/(Vds) = 120 mm
Reinforcement at section 2 due
to hogging moment =353
Provided Ast = 2417 mm2 kNm Mulim/bd2 = 3.45
As per IS 13920 top and bottom reinforcement shall consist of atleast Mulim = 3.45 x 250 x 4572
2 bars throughout the member length (cl 6.2.1) - OK = 180 kNm
Min tension steel ratio = 𝜌 min = 0 . 24 �𝑓𝑐𝑘/𝑓𝑦 = 0.587 Actual moment is greater than
Given =1.67 Hence OK Mulim ,so the section is doubly
Max steel ratio at any section 𝜌max = 2.5 reinforced
Provided ast =
2417mm2
Provided asc = 889
mm2
 Design of Beams for flexure and shear (cont.)
Shear reinforcement requirement

Min dia of hoop = 6mm if span < 5m else 8mm Shear force maximum of
Calculated factored shear force from load combinations = 136.8 kN
Shear force due to formation of plastic hinges at both ends of beam

At Left end
At section 2
Mulim(Hogging moment capacity) = 2417/ (250 X
Pt = 1546/(250X457) = 1.35%
457)
Pb = 628/(250X457) =.549%
= 628/ (250 X 457)
Mulim (Hogging moment capacity) Mulim (Sagging
= 0.87*fy*ast (d-fy*ast/fck*b) = 1.549(%)
moment capacity)
= 0.549(%)
V1(D+L) = V2(D+L) =0
=423kNm
.87*415*1546(457-415*1546/25*250)
Mulim(Sagging moment capacity)
= 95 kNm
=0.87*415*628(457-415*628/25*250) =
= 136kNm (1.2 (DL+LL) case) =
350kNm
136kNm
For sway to right
Vu,1 = 136 – 1.4(423+350)/5 =80.44kN
Vu,2 = 136 + 1.4(423+350)/5 =352.4kN
For sway to left
Vu,1 = 136 – 1.4(423+350)/5 =-80.44kN
Vu,2 = 136 + 1.4(423+350)/5 =-352.4kN

Provide 8 mm dia 2 legged stirrups at a spacing of 110 mm c/c

 Typical beam details for storeys 1
BEAM B7 B8 B11 B12
SPAN 7 7 7 7
LENGTH(m)
WIDTH(mm) 300 300 300 300
DEPTH(mm) 500 500 500 500
TOP 3#20+3#25 3#20+3#2 3#20 3#20
5
REINFPRCEME
NT
BOTTOM 3#20 3#20 2#20 2#20
REINFORCEME
NT
STIRRUPS 8#110 c/c upto 8#110 c/c At supports upto At supports
950mm from face upto 950mm 1.2m from face upto 1.2m
10#200c/c from face 8#150, 8#2000c/c from face
elsewhere 10#200c/c elsewhere 8#150,
elsewhere 8#2000c/c
elsewhere
 Design for foundation at Joint 9: (Column at Grid 7 B)

Qa = 500 KN/m2 Shear at critical section : V = 0.740 *

500* (1350-d)
e = 40*10^3/ (7200*1.15) = 4.83 mm Pt = 0.25
Weight of footing + Backfill = 15% of Pu Tc = 0.38 MPa
e<L/6 Vuc = 0.36*3200*d
Area required = 7200*1.05/(1.5*500) = 1152d = 499500-370d
10.08 m2 d= 908.18 mm
Provide a square footing of 3.2 m x 3.2 m Provide d = 1000mm
 Design for foundation at Joint 9: (Column at Grid 7 B)

Two way shear: d < 908 mm

Critical section at d/2 Provide 1 m thickness
Avg. pressure = 740 kPa
Kcx = Ks* (0.25*(fck)^0.5) 16 dia bars
d = 1000-75-16 = 909 mm
Ks for square = 0.25 *(40)^0.5 = 1.5811 => O.K.
N/mm2

Vcs = 1*1.5811 * 4*d (450+d) =

0.74*(3200^2 – (500+d)^2)
d=800 mm
 Design for foundation at Joint 9: (Column at Grid 7 B)

Mu = q*b*d^2/2 = 3200*0.7*1350^2/2 = Spacing :

215.8*10^6 N/mm (3000-75*2 – 16)/23 = 139
R = Mu/bd^2 = Provide : 24 -20φ bars at
2157.8*10^6/(3200*909^2) = 0.816 140 mm c/c
Ast = (fy/2fst) * (1- (4.598R/fck))^0.5 fbr, min = 36N/mm2
= (40/2*500)* (1-(4.59*0.816/40)^0.5 Fbr = 36*500*500 = 9000
Ast = 5584.59 mm2 KN
Minimum Ast = 0.12*b*d = 0.12 * 3200 * Ld =
908 = 3486.72 mm2 φ*(0.87*520)/(4*1.9*1.6*1.25) =
Consider 7265 mm2 28.618φ
 15.Design of Stair case:

span of staircase : 3.5 m

Leff = 3+1.5+1.75 = 5.25m
Riser = 160 mm d = span / 20 = 270 mm
Tread = 300 mm D = 270 + 30 = 300 mm
L.L = 5 KN/m2
Use M30, Fe 415 Load Calculation :
LSM Waist slab :
Flooring : Marble 60 mm 1. Live Load = 5*11*11 = 5 KN/m
Waist slab supported over landings and landings 2. Flooring = 0.06 * 24 = 1.44 KN/m
are over beams parallel to risers 3. Steps Load =
Width of landing = 1.5 m (1000/300)*(0.5*160*300)*1m*25 = 2 KN/m
Mid landing : 4 m 2m 4. Waist slab D.L = ((((0.16^2+0.3^2))^0.5
3 m 1.5 m )/0.3)*1m*0.3*25 = 8.5 KN/m
 15.Design of Stair case:

Landings : d, req = (Mu,max/QB)^0.5 =

1. LL = 5 KN/m ((86.19*10^6)/0.138*30*1000)^0.5 = 144.28 mm
2. Flooring load = 1.44 KN/m d,prov = 270 mm
3. Landing slab D.L = 0.3*25 = 7.5 KN/m (O.K.)

Waist slab = 16.94 KN/m2 Ast = (0.5*30/415)*(1-(1-

Landing slab = 13.94 KN/m2 (4.6*86.19*10^6)/(30*1000*270^2))^0.5)*1000*270
Difference = 3 KN/m2 Distribution bars :
Asd = 0.12/100 * 1000 * 300 = 360 mm2
So, assume 17 KN/m2, for unit width, Load = 17 spacing of 8 mm dia = 1000/360 * 0.25 * pi * 8*8*139.5
KN/m Provide 8 φ@130 mm c/c
Factored Load = 1.5*17 = 25.5 KN/m2

Considering same load on the entire span:

Mu,max = (Wux * Leff^2)/ 8 = 17*1.5*5.25^2/8 =
86.19 KN-m
Distribution bars :
Asd = 0.12/100 * 1000 * 300 = 360 mm2
spacing of 8 mm dia = 1000/360 * 0.25 * pi * 8*8*139.5
Provide 8 φ@130 mm c/c

Design of Landing slabs :

Design for 1.5 m width
Load = 1.5*(1.5*13.94) = 31.5 KN/m + reaction from waist slab
Leff = 3.5 m
Mux = 69.75*3.5^2/8 = 106.8 KN-m
Ast = 0.5 * 30/415 * (1-(1-4.6*106.8*10^6/(30*1500*270^2))^0.5)*1500*270
= 1140.55 mm2
spacing of 12 mm dia = 1500/1140.55 * pi * 12^2 / 4 = 138.65

Provide 12φ140 c/c

Ld = (φ*0.87*fy)/(4*Tbd) = (12*0.87*415)/(4*2.4) = 451.34 mm

Provide Ld = 460 mm
 .Design of Column
Storey : 1 – Length : 4 m, 500mmx600mm
Critical combination basic :
Axial load : 1541 kN
Slenderness Ratio : 4000/500 = 8 < 12
M3 top = 100.38 kNm, M3 bottom = 137.49 KNm
Cl. 7.1 (13920) : Stress = 1541.7*10^3/500^2 = 6.17
N/mm2 >0.08Fck
<0.4 fck =
16 N/mm2 (O.K.)
Minimum dimension: 500 mm > 300 mm , 20*d*b
IS 456: 2000
Minimum Reinforcement : 0.8% = 0.8% * 500* 500
= 2000 mm2
Maximum Reinforcement : 4% = 10,000 mm2
Design Axial load : 1541 KN = 1550 kN
M’ux = 0.4*110.38+0.6*137 =
126.35 kN-m
M’uy = 0.6*3.645 + 0.4*2.028 =
2.99 kN-m
Since M3 is small designing it as
column with biaxial eccentric loading.
ey, min = ex, min = l/500 + D/30
= 4000/500+500/30 = 24.6 mm >20 mm
Primary Moment for design : Mux
= 126 kNm, Muy = 1550*20 = 31 kN
 .Design of Column Provide 8-25φ bars , Ast provided = 3926
Designing for a resultant uniaxial moment : mm2
Mu = 1.15 * (126.35^2+31^2)^1/2 = 149.6 kNm
Pu/fck bd = 0.155 checking safety under biaxial
Mu/fck bd^2 = 0.02992 loading :
for Pt = 1.58%, and P/bd = 0.155
d’/d = 50/500 = 0.1 From chart 48:
Equal distributed on four sides Mu/bd^2 = 0.06
Py = 500 Mu = 300 kNm
chart No. 48 : SP 16 Puz = 0.45fck*Ac + 0.75 fy * Asc
P/fck = 0.01 = 5825 kN
P = 0.4% < Pmin Pu = 0.4 fck * Ac + 0.67 fy Asc =
5183.68 kN

Pu/Puz = 0.88
Interpolating αn = 1
`` (Mu/Mux1)^ αn + (Muy/Muy1)^
αn = 126/300 + 31/300 = 0.52 <1

Design is O.K.
 .Design of Column Confining reinforcement :
Design for Shear: length, lo = max (500, 450,
∆ = 1+ 3Pu/ Ag fck = = 1+ 3*1550* 10^3/ (500^2 4000/6) = 666 = 700 mm
* 40) = 1.456 Ash = max (0.18 * sv * D * fck /
Assuming 50% of steel provided, Ast = 1.58/2 = fy * (Ag/ Ak – 1) , 0.5 * sv * h * fck/y) =
0.79% max(510,240)
For M40, Tc = 0.65 = 510 mm2
∆*Tc = 0.9464 N/mm2 3* 50* x = 510 x = 3 - 4 , min 4
Shear strength = 0.9464 * 5002 = 236.6 kN > 70.82 links
kN safe 700/ n+1 = 700/5 = 140 mm

Special confining Provide 8 mm φ @ 100

At top: c/c for length 700mm
1.4*sum(M) = 425 kN
Shear design in column , = 1.4 * sum (M)/L = 1.4 *
425/4 = 140.75kN
Sv = 0.85 * 415 * 150/149 = 163 mm
135 hook extended 6 φ, not less than 65 mm
Provide 8 mm φ bars at 250 c/c
 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL:
Preliminary proportion :
thickness of footing base slab = 0.08 h =
0.08*5000 = 400mm > 300 mm
Ca – (1-sinφ)/(1+ sinφ) = 1/3
Cp = 1/Ca = 3
Length of heel (x) = (Ca/3)^1/2 * H =
(1/3)*5 = 1.67 m
x = 1.75 m
Base length = 1.5*1.75 = 2.7 m
Stability against overturning:
Moment at base: for normal cantilever
retaining wall
1. Due to triangular lateral load = 1/3 * (1/2 * 20 * 82
) * 8/3 = 568.9 kN
From ETABS analysis for basement retaining
wall model,
Moment from ∆ loading = -108 kNm
w1 = 8 * 20* 1.75 = 280 kN
w2 = 0.4 * 8 * 25 = 80 kN
w3 = 0.4 * 2.75 * 25 = 27 kN
sum = 387 kN
 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL:
M1 = 280 * 1.75/2 = 245 kNm
M2 = 80 * (1.75+ 0.4/2) = 156 kNm
M3 = 27 * 27/2 = 36.45 kNm
sum = 437.45 kNm
Resultant of downward vertical force from heel:
e = M/V = 437/367 = 1.129 m
Stabilizing moment about toe:
Restoring moment = V* (L-e) = 1387 * (2.7 – 1.129)
= 607.97 kNm
Factor of safety = 0.9 Mr/Mo = 0.9*607.97/103 =
5.31 >1.4.  O.K.
Maximum soil pressure :
Calculation of soil pressure
Vertical resultant = R = w = 387 kNm
Distance of R from heel = (Mo + Mw) / R = (103 +
387*1.129)/387 = 1.395 m
eccentricity, e = L/2 – L’ = 2.7/2 – 1.39 = -0.045
L/6 = 0.45
q max = R/ L ( 1 +6e/L). = 156 kN/m2
q min = R/ L ( 1 - 6e/L) = 130. 59 kN/m2
 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL:

stability against sliding : Note: when considering soil above toe:

at base: Mu = 28 kN
Pa1 = 1/3 * 6 * 20 + 1/3 * 2* 10 + 2 * 10 = 126.67 Tc = Vu/bd = 0.239 N/mm2
kN (per metre length) For M30, Tc = 0.33 N/mm2
Resisting force = R* u = 0.5 * 387 = 193.5 kN
RH > Pax R = Mu/bd2 = 0.236
Pt/100 = 5.47x10-4
FS = 193.5/127 = 1.52 > 1.4  O.K.
Ast, = 5.47*10-4 * 350 * 1000 = 191 mm2/m
No need for any shear leg.
using 16 mm dia bars : 1000*191/Ast = 1048 mm
Applying load factor 1.5 design shear force at d =
400 mm from front of stem . Provide 16 φ @ 250 mm c/c at bottom of toe
at ‘d’ distance, Vu = 1.5 * (106+97)/2 * (0.95-0.4)
= 83.74 kN Ld = 45 φ* 0.8 = 576 mm

Mu = 19.5 kNm Beyond front face, 576 mm should be provided

 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL:

Design of Heel slab:

At face:
Vu = 85 kN/m
Mu = 99.67 kNm/m

Mu/bd2 = 0.8136
Tv = V/bd = 0.2528

Provide 16 φ bars @ 250 mm spacing at top of the heel slab

Pt = 0.2
Pt = 7000 mm2

From moment:
Pt/100 = 30/2*500 * (1- (1 – 4.598* 0.8136/30)0.5 ) = 0.193 * 10-2

Ast = 676 mm2

 DESIGN OF SHEAR WALL
Base shear: (grid A , 7 m)
ELX : Base : 1170 kN,
ELY : base: 1110.8 kN
RSK : base : 1016.3 kN
RSY : base : 1185 kN
Axial load (Pier 1):
Load acting at base: Pu = 7509 kN ,
length = 7m,
V = 2661 kN
M = 25927 kNm
thickness = 0.3 m, Providing vertical
reinforcement , p = 0.25
φ = 0.87*fy*l / fck
= 0.87 * 500*0.0025/40 = 0.0271
λ= Pu/ (fck * lw * tw) = 7509 * 1000/ (40* 700 *
300 ) = 0.089
ß = 0.87 * fy / (.0035* Es) = 0.6214 , (fy =
500 N/mm2)
xu/lw = (φ+λ)/ (2 φ+ 0.36) = 0.28
xu * = 0.0035 / (0.0035 + 0.87fy/Es) =
0.6167
Mu = fck * tw * lw 2 * ((1+ λ/ φ) ( 0.5-
0.416*(xu/lw) – (xu/lw)2 * (0.168+ß2/3))
= 25811kNm < 25927 kNm
 DESIGN OF SHEAR WALL

Balance moment = 116 kN, to be resisted by edge

reinforcement in each shear wall
Reinforcement per meter : 0.25/100 * 300 * 100 =
Ast = Mu/0.87*fy*dw, Mu = 116 kN, 750 mm2
dw = 0.9 lw, lw = 7000 mm Maximum spacing : lw/ 5 or 3tw = 450
= 423 mm2 mm2
2- 20 φ additional reinforcement on
each wall. Provide 12 mm dia bars at 250 mm c/c in two
layers, and
at the end provide 2-20 mm dia , on one each side
At ends provide 3 – 20 mm dia bars on at either ends.
each end at each face.
 DESIGN OF SHEAR WALL

Check for shear: Vu = 2661 kN

Nominal shear = Vu/ tw* dw = 2661*10^3 / 7000 * 300 = 1.267 N/mm2
< 0.25 (fck)^0.5 = 1.58 N/mm2

Permissible shear : Sv = 0.87 fy * Ah * dw / Vs ,

fy = 415 N/mm2 , Vs = 2661 – 0.8 * 7000* 300, Ah = 113,
Sv = 306 mm
Provide 12 mm dia at 250 mm c/c horizontal on both faces.
 Quantity Estimation and Costing

Storey Concrete Wt. KN

Total Floor
6 2958.7614 Weight Area
5 2958.7614
4 2987.4404 Tie Beam M30 796.9397

3 2987.4404
Column M40 1580.783 3731.76 0.4236
2 3019.8683
1 3389.3841 Beam M30 7398.74 3731.76 1.9826
-1 4092.0516
Wall M40 7675.858 3731.76 2.0569
-2 4337.6041
Floor M30 10872.87 3731.76 2.9136
Total ALL 27853.36 3731.76 7.4639
TOTAL WEIGHT OF CONCRETE USED=27853.36 KN

TOTAL VOLUME OF CONCREWTE USED

=27853.36/25=1114.1344 M3

RATE PER CUBIC METRE OF CONCRETE : 6000

COST : 1114.1344*6000 = 66,84,806 RUPEES

Cost estimation for foundation:

12 C1 type and 4 CF1 type foundations :
Concrete volume : 187.1 m3
Steel Weight : 10025 kg
Cost : 187.1*6000+ 10025*50 = 16.23 lakh

Total estimate of building, excluding retaining wall

(adding 10% overhead ) :
1.1* (66.84 + 16.23) = 91.377 lakh