Motivation

Motivation

 Motivation – Study of Human Behaviors

 Human Behaviors – Effect of Cause
 Motivation – Turn to Achieve Goal
 Manager Task – Handle People not Production
 “Motivation is a managerial function to Inspire,
Encourage people to do required activity”
 Preference order for Satisfaction – Different
from Person to Person
 Motivation
Herzberi’s Motivation Hygiene Theory
 Two Sets of Needs
1. Lower Level Needs
It denotes hygiene or environmental factors
which do not motivate satisfaction but their
absence cause dis-satisfaction.
Hygiene i.e. Maintenance Factors
Company Policy Working Condition
Salary Interpersonal
Relation
Status Security
 Motivation
Herzberi’s Motivation
Hygiene Theory

2. Higher Level Needs

It terms as motivations because they
are the real causes of job satisfaction
& they lead to better performance.
Motivation Factors
Achievement Work Self interesting
Work Challenging Advancement
Growth
 Motivation
Herzberi’s Motivation Hygiene
Theory
Real Motivation – Work
Vertical Job Enrichment
 Increase Job Responsibility
 Increased Work Autonomy
 Permit Worker – Complete Job
 Performance Appraisal
Feedback - Workers
 Motivation
Douglas Mc Gregor’s
Theory
( Theory ‘X’ & ‘Y’ )

 Theory “X”
 Based on “Lower Order of Human Beings”
 Human Behavior Based on Three
Interrelated Assumption
1. Behavior is Caused
2. Behavior is Motivated
3. Behavior is Goal Directed
Theory “X”
 It visualized the workers – Lazy, Passive
 Assumption Under the Theory
 Average Human being – Dislike of Work
& Avoid it if he can
 Most People – Resistant to Change
Want – Security

Motivation
Douglas Mc Gregor’s
Theory
( Theory ‘X’ & ‘Y’ )
 Motivation
Douglas Mc Gregor’s Theory
( Theory ‘X’ & ‘Y’ )

 Theory “X”
 Average Human Being – Wishes to Avoid
Responsibility & Little Ambitious
 Average Individual – Not Bright

 Theory “X” – Autocratic Management Style

 Worker – Not much Participation in Decision Making
 Motivation
Douglas Mc Gregor’s
Theory
( Theory ‘X’ & ‘Y’ )
 Theory “Y”
 It believe in Democracy
 Assumption of Theory “Y”
 People are not by nature Passive
They becomes as a result of Experience
 Under Normal Condition – Understand
Responsibility but
Learn – Not to Accept Responsibility
 Theory “Y”
 It works wonder under following condition
 People – Literate
 People – Intelligent
 People – Competent to Participate Management
 People – Enthusiasm to satisfy Higher Level
Need
 People Satisfied with Basic Need
Social Need
Safety Need
Physiological

Motivation
Douglas Mc Gregor’s Theory
( Theory ‘X’ & ‘Y’ )
 Motivation
Douglas Mc Gregor’s Theory ( Theory ‘X’ &
‘Y’ )
Developed Countries – Theory “Y”
Underdeveloped Countries – Theory “X”
Developing Countries – Theory “X” to “Y”
Theory “X” Theory “Y”
Lack Self Motivation Self Motivated
Autocratic Leadership Democratic Leadership
Dislike Work Like / Enjoy Work
Resist Change Creative – Nature
Require - External Self Control
Control
 Motivation
Maslow’s Theory

 Theory Based on – Hierarchy of Needs

 Lower Level Need Satisfied – Next Higher

Level Need Important
 Motivation
Maslow’s Theory
 Five Level Needs
5. Self Development Need
( Self Development, Self Advancement, Desire to
take increased responsibilities)
4. Ego Need
( Status, Appreciation, Recognition, Self Respect,
Approval, Respect From Others )
3. Social Need
( Love, Affection, Acceptance of Group, Communication)
2. Safety Need ( Unemployment, Danger )
1. Physiological Need
( Food, Shelter, Water, Air, Education, Health)
 Motivation
Maslow’s Theory

 Maslow Motivation
Framework Emphasis Two basics
1. Man Wanting – Animal
Satisfied Need – Never Motivate Human Behavior
Need Not Satisfied Need – Influence Behavior
2. Man Need – Hierarchical Importance
Lower Level Need Satisfied – Higher Level Need
Emerged
 Management Understand – Changing Need of
Subordinates