Language development 2

Nama Grup 1
1. astuti
2. bayu putra utama
3. lanjar sari
4. nela amelia
Improving and extending relevant
features of students vocabulary

synonym

Antonym

Prefix

suffix

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 Improving and extending relevant
features of students vocabulary

There are 4 types of vocabulary:

 Listening Vocabulary:
The words we hear and understand. Starting in the womb, fetuses can detect sounds as early as 16
weeks. Furthermore, babies are listening during all their waking hours – and we continue to learn
new words this way all of our lives. By the time we reach adulthood, most of us will recognize and
understand close to 50,000 words. (Stahl, 1999; Tompkins, 2005) Children who are completely deaf
do not get exposed to a listening vocabulary. Instead, if they have signing models at home or
school, they will be exposed to a “visual” listening vocabulary. The amount of words modeled is
much less than a hearing child’s incidental listening vocabulary.
▰ Speaking Vocabulary:
The words we use when we speak. Our speaking vocabulary is relatively limited: Most adults use a
mere 5,000 to 10,000 words for all their conversations and instructions. This number is much less
than our listening vocabulary most likely due to ease of use.
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▰ Reading Vocabulary:
The words we understand when we read text. We can read and understand
many words that we do not use in our speaking vocabulary. This is the 2nd
largest vocabulary IF you are a reader. If you are not a reader, you can not
“grow” your vocabulary.
▰ Writing Vocabulary:
The words we can retrieve when we write to express ourselves. We generally
find it easier to explain ourselves orally, using facial expression and intonation
to help get our ideas across, then to find just the right words to communicate
the same ideas in writing. Our writing vocabulary is strongly influenced by the
words we can spell. dictionary). Children would not guess a word they didn’t
know. Deaf students do not use auditory memory to sound out a word. They
mostly memorize spelling patterns. Therefore, students who are deaf typically 4
use a reduced variety of words in writing while they are learning.
synonym

 What Is a Synonym?
Synonyms are two different words that have the same, or very similar, meaning. They
can be any part of speech (verb, adjective, adverb, noun, or preposition), as long as
both words are the same part of speech. This means that they would both have to be
nouns or both have to be verbs.
▰ How to Find Synonyms
The easiest way to find a synonym is to use a thesaurus. These can be found in print,
online, or even through your computer software. Another way to find synonyms is to
read more. As mentioned earlier, the more that you read, the more vocabulary to
which you will be exposed. It will give you new ideas of words to use in your own
writing. When choosing a synonym, it is important to consider the connotation, which
is the general idea or feeling that the word invokes in addition to its literal meaning, to
be sure you are keeping the same overall meaning in the sentence.
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 Why Are Synonyms Important?
In addition to improving your writing, synonyms are important to build a larger
vocabulary. You want to be able to read and understand. The more that you read,
the larger your vocabulary will become. Learning synonyms for different words is
one way to become more knowledgeable. Finally, synonyms are important so you
can think of things in new ways. You want to be able to express yourself the best
way you can, and this can be achieved by choosing the best word to describe the
situation or person.
▰ Examples of Synonyms
▰ College: university, school, academy, institution
▰ Restaurant: cafeteria, bistro, café
▰ Beautiful: pretty, lovely, attractive

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antonym

 What is antonym?
An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word.antonym divides into
gradable antonymy contradictory or complementary antonym and converses or
relational antonym.
▰ Why Are Antonyms Important?
Oddly enough, to better understand the meaning of a word, we can take a look at its
antonym, or opposite meaning. For instance, take the word 'morose.' The definition of
'morose' is 'gloomily or sullenly ill-humored.' Sometimes, even reading a dictionary
definition is not enough to give us a complete understanding of a word. Most
dictionaries provide synonyms and antonyms, as well.
For instance, here are a few listed synonyms for the word 'morose:' 'moody,' 'sour,'
'sulky.' Also, here are a few antonyms: 'cheerful' and 'optimistic.' Now we know that
the opposite of 'morose' is cheerful and even optimistic! Taking a look at both the
synonyms and antonyms really provides us with a clearer definition.
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▰ Using Antonyms in Writing
Sometimes, we get stuck when trying to choose the best word in a sentence, or we tend to
use the same words too often. For instance, we might be looking for a word that means the
opposite of 'courageous,' but we want to choose a different word than 'scared.' Let's take on
the antonym challenge and see if we can find a better word!
When we look up the word 'courageous' and scroll down to the list of antonyms, we see
words like: 'chickenhearted,' 'cowardly,' and 'gutless.' These words are more vivid than the
word 'scared,' and by using more vivid words in our writing, we improve our writing.
 Example of antonym
 Awkward: clever, dexterous,apt,skilful
 Astute : dull, unintelegent, shallow, stolid
 Apathy : concern, care, anxiety, eagerness

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 prefix

▰ A prefix is a group of letters placed before the root of a word.So, prefix change
the meaning of the words
prefix meaning examples
Un- not
unhappy, unsuccessful, unable

Re- Again Redo, return, reappear

Dis- Not,undo Disappear, discontinue

Co- together Cooperate,collaborate,
coordinate
Pre- before Prefix, predawn, precaution 9
 suffix

A suffix is a group of letters placed after the root of a word. So, suffies
change the form of words
form suffix meaning examples
noun -age Action or process Marriage, voyage,
pilgrimage
adjective -able Is,can be Comfortable,durabl
e, perishable

verb -ed Past tense Wanted,hated,

looted
adverb -ly resembling Slowly, kindly,
seriously.
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Sources

1. Ferald Champlin, English Synonyms and Antonyms, London: Jan- Fabian

Humann, 2009.
2. Merriam Webster, A Dictionary of Prefixes, Suffixes and Combining
Forms, Wordcentral, 2002
3. Beck, Mckeown, And Kucan, The Bridge of Vocabulary: Evidence Based
Activities to Academic Success, Newyork: Judy K. Montgomery, 2007.

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 Question

1. What is the synonym of Philanthropy?

a) injury b) misappropriate c) charity d) endaemonism e) cling
2. find out the antonym for the word chaotic?
a) lawless b) untidy c) jumbled d) calm
3. Use prefix in the below words to find out its opposite word.
Sense, Happy, Wrap, and Connect
4. Use the prefix or suffix to the given word provided in the bracket in its appropriate form.
You can’t just believe it. The plot was _____ (believable)
I saw her just a few days ago, still, I miss her. It looks it she just _______ (appeared)
I am sorry, I didn’t mean to hurt you. I must have ______ you. (Understood)

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