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Plastering

• Covering rough
surfaces of walls,
columns, ceilings
etc., with thin coat
of plastic mortars –
smooth and
durable surface.
Objects of Plastering
1. Protection against -rain water, atmospheric
agencies
2. smooth surface-dust and dirt cannot lodge
3. decorative effect
4. protect surfaces against vermin.
5. conceal inferior materials or defective
workmanship
Requirements
• adhere to the background
• remain adhered-all climatic variations.
• cheap and economical.
• hard and durable.
• Able to apply-all weather conditions.
• check the penetration of moisture.
• possess good workability
Types of plaster
1) Lime mortar-1:3 to 1:4 for fat lime;1:2-
hydraulic lime
2) Cement mortar-1:4 to 1:6
3) Lime cement mortar-cement:lime:sand-1:1:6
or 1:1:8 or 1:2:8s
Tools for plastering
1) Gauging trowel
a) Pointed b) Bell nosed
2) Float
a) Metal float b) wooden float
(Laying float) (Skimming float)
3) Floating rule
4) Miscellaneous tools
plumb bob spirit level set-square

scratchers
Method of plastering
1) Preparation of background
2) Application of plaster
i) Two coats
ii) Three coatss
• Blistering : small patches of plaster swelling-ate
slaking of lime particles.
• Cracking: cracks or fissures in the plaster
• Reasons:
• 1) Imperfect preparation of background
• 2)Structural defects in building
• 3) Discontinuity of surface
• 4) Movements-background-thermal expansion or
rapid drying
• 5) Movements-plaster surface itself-expansion or
shrinkage.
• 6) Excessive shrinkage-thick coat
• 7) Faulty workmanship.
• Crazing: series of hair cracks
• Efflorescence: whitish crystalline-presence of
salts in plaster.
• Flaking : very loose mass-plastered surface-
poor bond-successive coats.
• Peeling: complete dislocation-plastered
surface-patch. imperfect bond.
• Popping: conical hole-particles-expand on
setting
• Rust Stains: plaster is applied on metal laths
• Uneven surface: poor workman ship.
Pointing
• Finishing of mortar joints.
• Joints-weaker portions-rain water or
dampness.
• Raking-10 mm to 20 mm filled with better
quality mortar.
• Mortar-Lime mortar or cement mortar
Types of pointing
1) Flush pointing:
• wiping over the
finished pointing
with the trowel or
piece of rough cloth.
• Does not give good
appearance.
• Durable-no space-
dust, water etc.,
2) Recessed pointing
• pressing mortar back-5 mm
or more.
• Face of pointing is-vertical.
• bricks with good frost
resistance.
• good appearance.
3) Rubbed,keyed or
grooved pointing
• A semi circular
notch .
• attractive
appearance.
4) Beaded pointing
• Formed by steel or
iron edge.
• Gives good
appearance
• liable to damage
easily
s
5) Struck pointing
• Face of
pointing is kept
inclined
• Upper edge
pressed inside
face by 10 mm
6) Tuck pointing
• Groove of 5 mm
width and 3 mm
depth is prepared.
• It is filled with
white cement or
putty.
7) V-pointing
• Formed by
forming a ‘V’
groove in flush
pointing
8) Weathered pointing
• V’ shaped projections are
made

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