PERPUZZ7 Artppt Ch07

Art Slides
Personality Stability,
Development, and Change
Chapter 7
The Personality Puzzle, Seventh Edition
Copyright © 2016 W. W. Norton & Company
Transaction Process Examples
Active person- environment Person seeks out compatible Aggressive person goes to bar
transaction environments and avoids where fights are frequent;
incompatible ones introvert avoids social gatherings
Reactive person- environment Different people respond Extravert finds party enjoyable;
transaction differently to the same situation introvert finds same party
unbearable
Evocative person- environment Aspects of an individual’s Conscientious person tells group
transaction personality leads to behavior “it’s time to get to work”;
that changes the situations he or disagreeable person starts
she experiences argument over minor matter

Goal to Change Extraversion Count Proportion per bar
Negative 1.00 2 .01
Negative 0.25 2 .01
0 5 .02
.25 37 .15
.50 40 .16
.75 40 .16
1.00 42 .17
1.25 42 .17
1.50 37 .11
1.75 6 .02
2.00 7 .03

Table 7.2 Excerpts from Self-
Affirmation Essays Written by
College Students
• How can one get by without friendship or family? I know I couldn’t, I need that support, at
times it can feel like the only thing I have that’s real. At other times I don’t need it, but love
and comfort from relationships is something that is always nice.... I was stuck in Keystone
this winter and had no [way] of getting back home, I felt helpless.... I didn’t know what to
do, so I called a friend and they drove 2 hours out of their way to come help me out,
without even thinking twice, without that friend I would of had one bad night. Not the end
of the world no, but when in need I fall back on my support, friends and family, without
that support I would never stop falling.
• My relationship with my family is very important to me because it is my parents and
brother who helped push me to be who I am today. Without them, I probably wouldn’t
have the patience and motivation to have applied for this university and be successful
here. Whenever I have a problem, it is my family I can go to to help me through it. My
friends are also very important. If I didn’t have the strong loving relationship with my
friends from home, I wouldn’t be who I am today. My new friends that I have made [here]
are also a big part in my life because they make me smile every day.
• My religious values are the foundation of my life; they guided me, helped me, and
strengthened me in every aspect of my life. I have always had a strong faith which has
taught me to love others and led me to be a better person. I’ve found that I enjoy life to a
greater extent, worry less, and smile more than my friends who don’t have religious values.
I believe this is because my faith has taught me to be grateful for everything I have, to trust
that everything will be fine, and to enjoy every day as if it were the last.
• For me the sense of humor of someone is the most important thing. Every time someone
makes me laugh it gives me comfort and happiness. I think having a good sense of humor is
the best quality that a person can have. It does not matter if a person is good looking or
not if they can make others laugh. Every time I meet someone I care if they have a good
sense of humor or if they are funny. That is why most of my friends are always laughing,
because we all like to make jokes and laugh together. I even think that laughing, making
jokes and having a good sense of humor is what keeps us together as friends. Furthermore,
our sense of humor is what makes us unique as a group of friends.

Time Agreeableness of Civilivan- Agreeableness of Military-
Community-Service group Service group
Time 1 2.87 2.82
Time 2 2.91 2.85
Time 3 2.96 2.86
Time 4 2.99 2.87

Cumulative continuity principle
• Personality traits increase in rank-order consistency as people get
older.
Maturity principle
• People become better equipped to deal with the demands of life as
they acquire experience and skills.
Plasticity principle
• Personality can change at any time (but such change may not be
easy).
Role continuity principle
• Taking on roles or images such as being a “jock” or a “brain” can lead
personality to be consistent over time.
Identity development principle
• People seek to develop a stable sense of who they are, and then
strive to act consistently with this self-view.
Social investment principle
• Changing social roles at different stages of life, such as becoming a
spouse, parent, or boss, can cause personality to change.
Corresponsive principle
• Person-environment transactions can cause personality traits to
remain consistent or even magnify over time.
Source: Adapted from Roberts, Wood, & Caspi (2008), p. 376.

This concludes the Art Slides for
Chapter 7
Personality Puzzle
Seventh Edition
by
David Funder

PERPUZZ7 Artppt Ch07

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Art Slides

The Personality Puzzle, Seventh Edition

The Personality Puzzle, Seventh Edition

The Personality Puzzle, Seventh Edition

The Personality Puzzle, Seventh Edition

The Personality Puzzle, Seventh Edition

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