The Political Economy of

Development in Asia
Reporter: Lyka Mae A. Miranda
BSA - A
 Contents

01 Altruism / Cooperation 02 Corruption and Bribery

Data and Analysis Conclusions

03 04
Altruism vs. Self - interest

Definition
 An attitude or way of behaving marked by
unselfish concern for the welfare of others.

“Love your neighbor as yourself ”

“Do unto others as you would have them
unto you”
Enlightened Beings:

Mother Teresa of Calcutta Saint Francis of Assisi

 Altruism
How do we model Altruism?
• As a preference in the Utility Function
• As a cooperative behavior
• As Quid Pro Quo
• As a genetically or inherited trait
• As a ‘Kantian’ Duty
Advantages:
• Raise overall levels of welfare
• Increase the formation of human capital, therefore
stimulate economic growth
• Lead to higher rates of savings and growth, and
financial support
• Improve family interactions and caring for the elderly
Cooperative
Behavior

Prisoner’s Dilemma
 Both players can be better off if they
cooperate.
 The more trust one player has, the more likely
that cooperative strategy will be dominant.
 Otherwise, following self-interest, they are
both the losers in prisoners’ dilemma game.
Corruption is defined as the use of
public office for private gain.
Philippines Corruption Rank

 Philippines is the 99 least corrupt nation

out of 175 countries, according to the 2018
Corruption Perceptions Index reported by
Transparency International.

 Corruption rank in Philippines averaged

93.17 from 1995 until 2018, reaching all
the time high of 141 in 2008 and a record
low of 36 in 1995.
 Top 10 Agencies with Most Corruption
Cases Filed in 2016
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
Year 2016
LGU PNP
DepEd AFP
DENR State Universities and Colleges
BOC DOJ
DA House of Representatives
 The Philippines Corruption
Report

Top 10 Agencies w ith Most Corruption Cases

• Judicial System Filed in 2016
5,000
• Police
• Public Services 0
Year 2016

• Land Administration LGU PNP

•
DepEd AFP
Customs Administration DENR State Universities and Colleges
• Civil Society BOC DOJ
DA House of Representatives
How to Deal with Corruption

 Adequate Financial Rewards

 Better Record Keeping
 Better quality bureaucrats and judges
 Promotion based on performance, not on
nepotism
 Reduce discretion and scope of corruption
 Anti-corruption agency, free press, and
international pressure
Bottom line is …

Do not let the pendulum swing

too much in one direction or the
other …

Thank you!