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MEASUREMENTS
FLOW METERS
Outline of the lecture
• Principle of Operation of a differential pressure flow meter
• Equation for Volume Flow Rate
• Discharge coefficient
• Orifice Meter
• Pressure Tapping
• Pipe bending near the differential pressure flow meter
• Pressure Recovery (extra cost of pumping otherwise)
• Venturi Meter
Different Categories of Flow Meters
Reynold’s Number, NR
Volume Flow Rate
Assumptions in calculation of volume flow
rate
• The flow is frictionless. It means there is no loss of energy
due to friction either in the fluid itself or between the fluid
and the pipe walls
• There is no heat losses or gains due to heat transfer
between the fluid and its surroundings
• There is no conservation of total energy
(pressure+kinetic+potential) at any point of liquid
• The fluid is incompressible i.e. density remains the same
• The pipe is horizontal means there is no elevation change
• The flow is one-dimensional
• Conservation of volume flow rate
Volume Flow Rate
Volume Flow Rate
Closed/Open Channel Meters
• Differential Pressure Meter
• Orifice Meter
• Venturi Tube
• Flow Nozzle
• Variable Area Meter
• Wiers
• Sluice Gate
• Pitot Tubes (Can be used for both open and closed channel)