Sampaloc and the January 20,

1872 Cavite Mutiny

AND WHITE

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• On January 20, 1872, around 200 men
composed of laborers, soldiers, and
some residents of Cavite rose in arms
and assassinated their commanding
officer and Spanish officers.
Unfortunately, the Caviteños mistook the
fireworks display of a fiesta celebration in
one of the towns of Manila as their signal
for fellow mutineers in Manila to start a
coordinated & simultaneous uprising.your name
• As a consequence, the Cavite mutiny of 1872
failed as no reinforcements came from Manila.
Among the many arrested after the failed 1872
Cavite mutiny was Fr. Jacinto Zamora, Filipino
priest assigned at Pandacan. Fr. Mariano
Duran, parish priest of Sampaloc, invited Fr.
Jacinto Zamora for a card game at the
Sampaloc convent during the town fiesta of
San Anton, Sampaloc. Fr. Duran’s innocent
invitation stated: “Grand reunion.
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• Come without fail. Our friends will be there and
will be well provided with balas and polvora
(which referred to money and high stakes in
gambling parlance).” Unfortunately, Spanish
authorities who read this same invitation
interpreted it as evidence of the guilt of Fr.
Jacinto on charges of conspiracy against the
Spanish authorities. On February 17, 1872, Fr.
Jacinto Zamora was martyred at Luneta
together with Frs. Burgos and Gomez.
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• Gregorio F. Zaide and Carlos Quirino, among
other historians, identified that the fiesta
celebration on the fateful night of the 20th of
January 1872 was for the Lady of Loreto,
patron of Sampaloc.

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• A National Historical Institute article
on the 1872 Cavite mutiny cites the
Spanish accounts written by Jose
Montero y Vidal and Gov. Gen.
Rafael Izquierdo’s as stating that it
was the fireworks celebration of
Sampaloc that was mistaken as a
signal by the Cavite mutineers.
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• However, Isagani R. Medina, a noted historian
from the University of the Philippines, have
stated that “in fact, the fireworks display of the
21 of January 1872 fiesta (erroneously
reported by early historians as having occurred
in Sampaloc)” was for the feast of San
Sebastian.

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• Medina does not offer any
documentation as to his assertion
although it could be for the simple
reason that the official feast day of
Nuestra Señora del Carmen,
patroness of the town of San
Sebastian, falls on the 21th of
January while that of Our Lady of
Loreto falls on the 10th your name of
• Were the Spaniards Vidal and Izquierdo simply ignorant of the
calendar of the saints and erred on stating that the fiesta fireworks
on the 20th of January was for the town of Sampaloc? What
accounts as well for the two dates, the 20th and the 21st of
January between the two versions? Since the 20th of January in
1872 was a Saturday, then it’s possible that the town celebrated
the feast of Nuestra Señora del Carmen on the eve (disperas) of
the feast day.

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• However, even the simple explanation of
looking at the official church calendar could be
misleading. Fr. Ramon Caviedas, in a notation
included in his September 1, 1885 report on
church statistics, stated that the titular of the
town, Nuestra Señora de Loreto, was
celebrated ostentatiously on the 17th of
January. Could the fiesta celebration for
Sampaloc in 1872 have been celebrated as
well around January instead of today’s
December 10th? your name
 TUNAY NA
KASAYSAYAN
SA LIKOD NG
CAVITE MUTINY
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• Ngunit, isang bagong pag-aaral ang
inilathala ng Heswitang Historyador
na si John Schumacher batay sa
isang bagong tuklas na dokumento,
isang ulat, na isinulat mismo ni
Gobernador Heneral Rafael de
Izquierdo, na siyang babago sa mga
kaalaman natin ukol sa rebelyon.
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• Hindi lamang pala pagbabayad ng tributo at sapilitang
paggawa ng mga trabahador ng arsenal ang dahilan
ng pag-aalsa tulad ng unang nabanggit. Ni wala
ngang nagmula sa arsenal sa mga nag-alsa. Isa pala
sana itong malawakang pag-aalsa na naglalayong
makipaghiwalay ang Pilipinas sa Espanya! Kasama sa
plano ang kasabay sana na paglusob sa Fort Santiago
sa Maynila. Matapos nito ay pagdedeklara ng
independencia at pagpatay ng lahat ng mga Espanyol
na hindi magmamakaawa sa kanila.

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• Nabigo ang pag-aalsa dahil sa
napaghandaan na rin ni Izquierdo
ang pag-aalsa dahil sa ilang mga
sulat na walang lagda na
nagsusumbong sa mga plano at
nang makumbinsi niya ang ilan sa
mga sasama sana sa rebelyon na
huwag nang tumuloy
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• Ang mga tunay na utak ng pag-aalsa
ay hindi ang tatlong paring martir na
binitay kundi ang mga mason na
sina Máximo Inocencio, Crisanto de
los Reyes, at Enrique Paraíso na
kasama sa mga naipatapon lamang.

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• Bakit kaya hindi rin sila binitay?
Suspetsa ni Schumacher, ito ay dahil
kapwa mason ang tatlong utak ng
rebelyon at ang Gobernador Heneral!
Maaari ring ginamit ng mga nag-organisa
ng pag-aalsa na si Francisco Zaldúa, na
ginarote ng mga Espanyol kasama ang
tatong pari matapos ang isang buwan, ay
ginamit ang pangalan ni Burgos upang
makapanghikayat. your name