SOURCE ROCK EVALUATION

OF ASASE YE DURU 1

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GNPC 2018
SOURCE ROCK EVALUATION OF ASAASE YE DURU-1

OCTOBER 11, 2019 | GNPC

Brew Simmons E.

GNPC 2018
 OUTLINE

• INTRODUCTION

• OBJECTIVES

• METHODOLOGY

• DATA

• QC OF DATA

• INTERPRETATION OF PLOTS

• SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

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GNPC 2018
 INTRODUCTION
• Asase Ye Duru 1 was drilled off-shore • Eco Atlantic block Showing Asase ye duru

Cape Three Points South (OCTPS) block, Ghana.

• The well was designed to test the hydrocarbon

potential of the Upper Turonian deltaic sands (T5 prospect)

• Source Rock can be broadly defined as any fined grained,

organic-rich rock that is capable of generating petroleum

given sufficient exposure to heat and pressure.

(Mud rock, Limestone and Coal1999)

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GNPC 2018
 OBJECTIVES
• To gather and sort out well data for source rock characterization.

• To determine the quantity and quality of organic matter in Well section.

• Kerogen composition of Asase ye duru 1 well.

• To determine the maturity of the source rock.

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GNPC 2018
METHODOLOGY

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 DATA
Age Depth Sample TOC S1 S2 HI Tmax PI
m type Wt% mg/g mg/g °C
Upper Campanian 2690 cutting 1.98 1.67 5.97 302 427 0.22
Upper Campanian 2700 cutting 2.56 2.28 7.53 294 428 0.23
Lower Campanian-Middle Campanian 2970 cutting 1.49 0.72 2.72 183 427 0.21
Lower Campanian-Middle Campanian 2980 cutting 1.62 1.39 6.22 384 428 0.18
Lower Campanian-Middle Campanian 3130 cutting 3.79 19.32 13.86 366 427 0.58
Lower Campanian-Middle Campanian 3140 cutting 3.12 27.88 11.56 371 434 0.71
Lower Campanian-Middle Campanian 3150 cutting 2.03 14.94 6.32 311 433 0.7
Late- Middle Santonian 3160 cutting 2.28 7.64 8.44 370 428 0.48
Late- Middle Santonian 3170 cutting 2.48 9.8 9.04 365 431 0.52
Late- Middle Santonian 3210 cutting 2.87 12.37 9.98 348 428 0.55
Late- Middle Santonian 3220 cutting 3.34 12.52 12.52 375 428 0.5
Lower Santonian--Middle Coniacian 3230 cutting 3.28 2.29 5.64 172 428 0.29
Lower Santonian--Middle Coniacian 3240 cutting 2.4 1.44 4.41 184 431 0.25
Lower Santonian--Middle Coniacian 3280 cutting 2.3 2.19 8.61 374 429 0.2
Lower Santonian--Middle Coniacian 3290 cutting 2.82 4.55 10.76 382 429 0.3
Lower-Middle Coniacian 3300 cutting 3.73 10.99 15.16 406 432 0.42
Lower-Middle Coniacian 3310 cutting 3.21 10.64 13.41 418 432 0.44
Lower-Middle Coniacian 3590 cutting 2.56 14.92 9.88 386 436 0.6
Lower-Middle Coniacian 3600 cutting 2.91 14.74 11.59 398 435 0.56
Turonian-Cenomanian 3610 cutting 1.99 3.03 6.03 303 432 0.33
Turonian-Cenomanian 3620 cutting 1.79 3.08 5.26 294 431 0.37
Turonian-Cenomanian 3630 cutting 1.88 4.04 6.65 354 434 0.38
Turonian-Cenomanian 3640 cutting 2.01 6.45 7.28 362 430 0.47
Turonian-Cenomanian 3660 cutting 2.63 14.04 11.07 421 436 0.56
?Cenomanian-Middle ? Upper Albian 4170 cutting 1.12 1.13 5.33 476 436 0.17
?Cenomanian-Middle ? Upper Albian 4180 cutting 1.09 1.43 5.54 508 436 0.21
?Cenomanian-Middle ? Upper Albian 4190 cutting 1.1 3.25 4.93 448 437 0.4
?Cenomanian-Middle ? Upper Albian 4197 cutting 1.28 1.16 4.99 390 434 0.19

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 QUALITY CONTROL OF DATA
ASAASE YE DURU-
1

QC DATA
16

14

12

10
S2

6
• Plots shows quality of Data gathered

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

TOC

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 SOURCE QUANTITY

TOC vrs DEPTH

TOC
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0
Upper Campanian
500

1000 Lower Campanian-Middle

Campanian • Plots shows presence of good to
1500
Late- Middle Santonian
excellent organic Richness
DEPTH

2000

2500
Lower Santonian--Middle Coniacian
3000

3500 Lower-Middle Coniacian

4000
Turonian-Cenomanian
4500

?Cenomanian-Middle ? Upper Albian

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GNPC 2018
SOURCE ROCK QUALITY

• The quality of organic matter can be

determined by Pyrolysis
• The rate of pyrolysis increases with
temperature, often 430 °C (about 800
°F) or higher.

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GNPC 2018
 KEROGEN TYPE
ASAASE YE DURU-
1

T-max versus HI Kerogen type HI (mg/g TOC)

I ˃600
TYPE II
444 ii 300 - 600
Upper Campanian
442 ii/iiib 200 - 300
440 Lower Campanian-Middle
TYPE III iii 50 - 200

mature
Campanian
438
Late- Middle Santonian iv ˂50
T-max ˚C

436
Lower Santonian--Middle
434
Coniacian
432 Lower-Middle Coniacian

Immature
430 State of thermal T- max oC
Turonian-Cenomanian maturity for oils.
428
Immature ˂ 435
426 ?Cenomanian-Middle ?
Upper Albian Early mature 435 - 445
424
0 100 200 300 400 500 Peak mature 445 - 450

HI (mg/gToc) Late mature 450 - 470

Postmature ˃ 470

• T-max versus HI plot indicates the maturation and Peters and Casa, 1994
kerogen types.
• Samples above the oil window can be assigned to
maturation path line of kerogen type II, with few
samples being Type III , hence capable of
producing mainly oil.
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 THERMAL MATURITY

• Maturity is very important, because it affects both the quantity

and the quality of organic matter.

• As maturity affects the interpretation of all different types of

geochemical data, you can't accurately interpret geochemical data

without knowing its maturity level

• And you can't accurately interpret the quantity and quality of organic matter

without first knowing its maturity.

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GNPC 2018
 THERMAL MATURITY
ASAASE YE DURU-
1

T-max versus Depth Diagram

T-max (oC) State of thermal T- max oC
maturity for oils.
420 425 430 435 440 445
0 Immature ˂ 435
Upper Campanian
500 Early mature 435 - 445
Lower Campanian-
1000
Depth (m)

Peak mature 445 - 450

Middle Campanian
1500 Late- Middle Late mature 450 - 470
Santonian
2000 Postmature ˃ 470
Lower Santonian--
2500 Middle Coniacian
Lower-Middle
3000
Coniacian
3500 Turonian-Cenomanian
4000 • Most Samples ranges from 425-435°c and are in the immature
?Cenomanian-Middle zone, Hence samples are immature.
4500 ? Upper Albian

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 MATURITY
ASAASE YE DURU-
1

Production Index Vrs Depth Diagram Generation Potential PI {S1/(S1+S2)}

Immature ˂ 0.10
Production Index Early mature 0.10 – 0.15
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Peak mature 0.25 – 0.40
0 Upper Campanian
Late mature ˃ 0.40
500
Lower Campanian-Middle
1000 Campanian
Late- Middle Santonian
Depth (m)

1500

2000 Lower Santonian--Middle

Coniacian
• Most Turonian and Albian samples are
2500 in the range of 0.1 and 0.3 which
Lower-Middle Coniacian
3000 indicates early to peak maturity of
Turonian-Cenomanian samples.
3500

4000 ?Cenomanian-Middle ? Upper

Albian
4500

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 ORGANIC RICHNESS/QUANTITY

• This is the percentage or quantity of organic carbon (TOC) in a rock, which includes both kerogen

(insoluble) and bitumen (soluble) (Peters and Cassa, 1994) •

• It represents the amount of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms are available for hydrocarbon

generation (Kennedy et al., 2012)

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ASAASE YE DURU-
1

S2 versus TOC Plot

TOC% S2mg/g Petroleum
25 Potential

Upper Campanian 0.00 – 0.5 0 – 2.5 POOR

0.5 – 1.0 2.5 – 5 FAIR

20
Lower Campanian-Middle 1.0 – 2.0 5 – 10 GOOD
Campanian

good
2.0 – 4.0 10 – 20 VERY GOOD
15 Late- Middle Santonian
˃ 4.0 ˂20 EXCELLENT
S2(mg/g)

Lower Santonian--Middle
10 Coniacian

Lower-Middle Coniacian
• S2/ TOC plot indicates a good Source Rock generation
5
potential

Fair-poor
Turonian-Cenomanian • More than 1% of TOC and 5mgHC/g-rock is a good
source rock, and less than 0.5% of TOC and 2.5mgHC/g-
rock is a poor source rock
0
?Cenomanian-Middle ? Upper
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Albian
TOC%

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 SUMMARY/CONCLUSION

• Geochemical log of the well, obtained by cuttings were available in-house.

• Analyzed interval is 2300-4197m, with sampling interval of about 100m with good source rock properties in

the Lower–Middle Campanian and in the Turonian-Cenomanian.

• The very scarce fragments of vitrinite present in almost all the analyzed samples enhance that the well

section is immature in the shallowest part while the top of the oil windows is reached at about 3500-3600 m.

Those conclusions are also confirmed by the Tmax values obtained via Rock Eval

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GNPC 2018
WAY FORWARD

• Model basin with software

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GNPC 2018