GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING

COLLEGE
BHAVNAGAR

NAME : KHATRI KALPESH G.

ENROLLMENT NO.:160210106030
SEM :7TH
DEPARTMENT :CIVIL ENGINEERING
SUB :IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
TOPIC OF PRESENTATION:PHREATIC LINE IN EARTH DAM
PHREATIC LINE IN EARTH DAM
•PARABOLIC CONCEPT USE
 HOW TO DRAW PREATIC LINE?

AB is the upstream face. Let its horizontal projection be L. On the water surface,
measure a distance BC = 0.3 L. then the point Cis the starting point of base
parabola (Fig)
•To locate the directrix of the parabola, use the principle that any point on the
parabola is equidistant from the focus as well as from the directrix. Hence with
point C as the centre and CF as the radius, draw an arc to cut the horizontal line
through CB in D. Draw a vertical tangent to the curve FD at D. Evidently, CD = CF.
hence the vertical line DH is the directrix.
• The last point G on the parabola will lie midway between F and H.
• To locate the intermediate points on the parabola use the principle that its
distances from the focus and directrix must be equal. For example, to locate any
point P, draw vertical line QP at any distance x from F. Measure QH. With F as the
centre and QH as the radius, draw an arc to cut vertical line through Q in point P
• Join all these points to get the base parabola. However, some correction is to be
made at the entry point. The phreatic line must start from B and not from C. Hence
the portion of the phreatic line at B is sketched free hand in such a way that it
starts perpendicularly to AB, and meets the rest of the parabola tangentially
without any kink. The base parabola should also meet the downstream filter
perpendicularly at G.
PREATIC LINE FOR A DAM WITH NO FILTER
The position of phreatic line in
an earth dam without filter can
be determined using the same
manner, as in previous case (i.e.
with filter). In this case, the
focus point (F) of the parabola
will be the lowest point of the
down-stream slope, as shown
in Fig. The base parabola BJC
cuts at point J on downstream
slope; and is extended beyond
the limit of the dam, as
indicated by dotted line, but
the seepage line should be
emerged at point K, tangent to
the down-stream face.
• In this way, the phreatic line is shifted to the point K from J. The distance KF is
known as discharge face, which always remains under saturation condition. The
correction of JK by which the parabola is to be shifted downward can be
determined as following mathods:
1) Graphical general solution
2) Analytical solution of schaffernak and van iterson
3) Analytical solution by cassagrande
CHERACTERISTICS OF PREATIC LINE
•Thank you