PROGRAMMING 2

JAVA
 HISTORY
 Java is the general purpose, true object oriented
programming language and is highly suitable for modeling
the real world and solving the real world problems. In the
company Sun Microsystem, James Goslings(an employee
there), started a project named „GREEN‟. He begun his
work by attempting to extend C++ features for developing
embedded software for electronic companies to
automate the electronic devices such as microwave. But
this could not be accomplished by C++.

 So James Goslings started to develop a new language

known as “OAK”. In may 1995, Sun officially announced
this language at Sunworld 95.Due to some reasons, the
name was changed to “JAVA”.
 HISTORY

• The prime motive of Java was the need for a platform

independent language. The second motive was to design
a language which is „Internet Enable‟. To run the
programs on internet, Green project team come up with
the idea of developing “Web Applet”. The team
developed a web browser called “Hot Java” to locate
and run applet programs on internet.

• The most striking feature of Java is „Platform neutralness‟.

Java is the first language that is not tied to any particular
hardware or O.S.
JAVA MILESTONE
 CHARACTERISTIC OF JAVA

1. SIMPLE: Java was designed to be easy for the professional

programmers to learn and use effectively. Java uses C/C++
syntax. So, it is very simple to work in Java.

2. OBJECT ORIENTED: Java is true object oriented language.

Almost everything in Java is an object. All program code and
data reside within class and object. Java has a lot of classes
arranged in packages that we can directly use in our
programs.

3. ROBUST AND SECURE: Java is a robust language. Here robust

means, it provides many safeguards to ensure reliable code. It
has strict compile-time and run-time checking for data types. It
also has the concept of exception handling to capture errors
and remove the fear of crashing the system. Security is the
major issue, when you work on internet. That‟s why, it not only
verify all memory access but also ensure that no viruses are
entering through the applet. That‟s why it doesn‟t use pointers.
 CHARACTERISTIC OF JAVA

4. PLATFORM INDEPENDENT AND PORTABLE: Java is portable that

means Java programs can be easily moved from one system to
another, anywhere, anytime. Java ensures portability in two ways.
First, Java compiler generates byte code instructions that can be
implemented on any machine. Second, the size of primitive data
types are machine dependent. Java is platform independent that
means changes and upgrades in operating system, processors
and system resources will not force any change in java programs.
This is why Java is famous for programming on internet which
interconnects different kinds of system worldwide.

5. COMPILED AND INTERPRETED: Usually, a language is either

compiled or interpreted. Java combines both the approaches.
First, java compiler translates the source code into byte code. Byte
code is intermediate form, not the machine instruction. In the
second stage, Java interpreter translate this byte code to the
machine code, which can be directly executed by the machine
that is running the Java program.
 CHARACTERISTIC OF JAVA

6. MULTITHREADED AND INTERACTIVE:

Multithreaded means handling multiple tasks
simultaneously. Java supports multithreading
programming. For example: we can listen an
audio while typing or scrolling a page. Java
comes with tools that support multiprocess
synchronization and construct smooth running
interactive system.

7. DISTRIBUTED: Java applications can open and

access remote objects on internet as they easily
do in a local system. This enables multiple
programmers at multiple remote locations to
collaborate and work together on a single
project.
 JAVA VIRTUAL MACHINE (JVM)

Java compiler translates the source code into intermediate code,

known as byte code for a machine, that is called “Java virtual
machine” and it exists only inside the computer memory. Then the
computer interpreter convert the intermediate code into red
machine code and it makes the java “Platform Independent” or
“Architecture Neutral”.