MATHMATICS

PROGRESS TEST
REVISION
 1. FACTORISATION

The process of expanding products and

extracting factors
a(b+c) = ab+ac
ab+ac = a(b+c)
Highest Common Factor
5a-5b = 5(a+b)

2y2+6y = 2y(y+3)

12m2 + 18m3 = 6m2(2+3m)

Grouping in Pairs

ax+bx+ay+by = (ax+bx)+(ay+by)
=x(a+b)+y(a+b)
=(a+b)(x+y)
Difference of Two Squares

Rule : a2+b2= (a+b)(a-b)

Example : x2 – 9 = (x+3)(x-3)
Difference of Two Cubes
a b
3 3

 ( a  b) 3

 (a  b)( a  ab  b )
2 2

a b
3 3

 ( a  b) 3

 (a  b)( a  ab  b )
2 2
Trinomials

x  7 x  12
2

 x  3x  4 x  12
2

 x( x  3)  4( x  3)
 ( x  4)( x  3)
Look for two
numbers whose
sum is 7 and
product is 12
General Quadratic
Equations
Find the factors of 2x2 – 5x – 12
2x +6 2x +2 2x +4 2x +3

x -2 x -6 x -3 x -4
The Sum if the cross products in the fourth diagram is -8x + 3x = -5x

Therefore:
2x2 – 5x – 12 = (2x+3)(x-4)
Simplification of Algebraic
Fractions
6xy 2y Dividing the numerator
and denominator by 3x
15xz 5z

5a – 15 5a(a-3) Factoring
a–9 (a+3)(a-3)

5
Dividing the numerator and
a+3 denominator by (a-3)
Multiplication, Division, Adding
and Subtracting of Algebraic
Fractions
x–2 3x + 6 x–2 3(x + 2)
x+2 x + 2x – 6 x+2 (x+4)(x-2)

3
x+4
- When Dividing an algebraic fractions turn the end
fraction upside down upside down and switch the signs
- When Adding or subtracting find a common
denominator
 2. Equations

There are two main types of equations in

mathematics, the identify and the
conditional
Identify – An equation that is true for all
variables used.
Conditional – Only works for one value of
x.
Substituting into
equations
V = (pie)r2h, where V = 180 x pie, r = 6

V=(pie)r2h
180 x (pie) = (pie) x 36 x h
5 = h << Substitute 36(pie)
Absolute Value

JUST BE LAZY!!!

USE YOUR CALCULATOR!!!

Quadratic Equations
X2 – 5x + 4 = 0
If a x b = 0
then either a=0 or b=0

Can be solved by factorising,

completing the square or
using quadratic formula
Completing the Square

x2 + bx + (b/2) = (x + b/2)2

x2 + 8x = 9
x2 + 8x + (8/2)16 = 9 + 16
(x+4)2 = 25…….square root both sides
x+4 = +/- 5
Quadratic Equation

-b +/- b2 – 4ac
2a