DEMINERALISING PLANT

• HERE BOILER WATER TREATMENT IS

DONE .THE AIM OF BOILER WATER
TREATMENT:
• TO PREVENT AND TO CONTROL THE
FORMATION OF DEPOSITS IN THE
BOILER
• TO PREVENT THE CORROSION OF
THE BOILER & ITS AUXILIARIES
• TO PREVENT FOAMING
 DEMINERALISATION
• DEMINERALISATION PROCESS WORK
ON THE PRINCIPLES OF ION
EXCHANGE.THE MINERAL SALTS
PRESENT IN FRESH WATER ARE
PARTICULARLY COMPLETELY
DISSOCIATED INTO IONS.
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
• IMPORTANT METHODS OF
MEASURING TEMPERATURE ARE:
• MERCURY GLASS THERMOMETER
• ALCOHOL GLASS THERMOMETER
• RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE
DETECTOR
• THERMOCOUPLE
• OPTICAL PYROMETER
 MERCURY GLASS
THERMOMETER
• MERCURY THERMOMETER ARE
GENERALLY USED FOR
TEMPERATURE UP TO ABOUT
300OC,MERCURY REMAINING
LIQUIDOVER THE RANGE 39oC. WITH
THE HELP OF PRESSURE OF AN
INERT GAS IT CAN ACT UPTO 500OC.
 ALCOHOL GLASS
THERMOMETER
• IN THESE THERMOMETERS ALCOHOL
IS USED AS THERMOMETRIC
LIQUID.THIS TYPE OF
THERMOMETERS ALSO USED TO
MEASURE UPTO 30C.
 RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE
DETECTOR
 RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR
IS USED TO MEASURE THE
TEMPERATURE FROM 0oC TO 600OC.THE
MATERIAL USED FOR RTD IS MADE UP
OF PLATINUM & COPPER.
THERMOCOUPLE

• THIS TYPE OF INSTRUMENT

MEASURED TEMPERATURE UP
TO 1600OC.IT ACTS ON THE
BASIS OF SEEBACK EFFECT.
 OPTICAL PYROMETER
 THIS TYPE OF INSTRUMENT IS USED TO
MEASURE THE FURNACE TEMPERATURE
OF ABOUT 800OC TO 1300OC.IN THIS
INSTRUMENT LIGHT FROM THE HOT
BODY IS FOCUSSED UPON THE PLANE OF
A LAMP FILAMENT WHICH IS VIEWED
THROUGH A PIECE OF RED GLASS
PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

SOME DEVICES USED FOR

PRESSURE MEASUREMENT ARE:
U-TUBE MANOMETER
PRESSURE GUAGE
BELLOW
BOREN TUBE
 U-TUBE MANOMETER
 THE LENGTH OF THE U-TUBE
MANOMETER BE 1\2 METER.THIS TYPE
OF MANOMETER ARE USED TO
MEASURE THE FURNACE DRAFT
PRESSURE,I.D. SUCTION
PRESSURE,F.D. DISCHARGE
PRESSURE & WIND BOX PRESSURE.
PRESSURE GUAGE

 PRESSURE GUAGES ARE USED TO

MEASURE PRESSURE FROM
1kg/cm2(suction pressure) TO 350kg/cm2.
 BELLOW
 THIS TYPE OF INSTRUMENT MEASURE
THE PRESSURE FROM 0TO 2 OR
3kg/cm2.
 ASH HANDLING

• Ash handling can be of two types. They are hydraulic

and pneumatic.
• In a pulverized fuel fired boiler, about 80% of ash goes
out as fly ash and 20% falls at the bottom of the furnace
as bottom ash. In a dry bottom furnace, these ash fall in
the water seal trough below in the form of granules &
clinkers. A continuous moving chain grate scrapper
removes ash from the water trough which passes
through a clinker grinder and falls in the hard-lined sluice
way below. This is carried to the ash pit to be pumped off
to the disposal area in the form of slurry.
 FLY ASH COLLECTION
• For fly ash collection, we have electrostatic
precipitators. Here, the dust laden gas passes through a
strong electrical field. The dust absorbs free ion and gets
electrically charged. The charged particles then follow
the path of the ion from discharge to receiving
electrodes. The precipitator consists of a number of
sections in series. Basically, the design consists of a
negatively charged electrode suspended in the centre of
vertical banks of plates which form the positive receiving
electrodes. The dust from the positive electrodes is
removed by wrappers which makes the dust fall in the
hopper below. Frequency of wrapping gradually
decreases as the zone progresses.
 REMOVAL OF FLY ASH
• The dust from the precipitator hopper can be removed by
three ways as follows:
• 1. The fine dust is removed by feeder ejector fitted in
hoppers. Water from the ejector and dust forms slurry
which discharges to a sump.
• 2. Remove dust from the hopper fitted with wind swept
dust valves by means of hydro vector, the discharged
water of which mixes with dust and the resulting slurry is
carried to the sump to be pumped off.
• 3. Dust is removed by means of hydro vector and
pneumatically to a dry ash storage bin to be disposed of
there from by conveyer or wagon or water jet.
 PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
• In pneumatic system, the dust is air-borne
through suction pipes to dry storage bins.
In hydro vector water jet creates a vacuum
and the ash is collected from hopper
through gates or valves.
 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
• DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
ASSOCIATED WITH THE POWER STATIONS
ARE:
• POWER LINE CARRIER
COMMUNICATION(PLCC)
• VERY HIGH FREQUENCY
COMMUNICATION(VHFC)
• HIGH FREQUENCY COMMUNICATION(HFC)
• SATELLITE COMMUNICATION(SC)