2G Improvement Guideline

April
2015

Confidential 1
 Analyze and Improve SDSR
 Analyze and Improve SDSR:

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 SDSR
1.Check Alarm
Most likely sudden degradation SDSR due to alarm occurrence such as LAPD Alarm, Radio Link Prompt Alarm, LAPD Link
Congestion due to flicker Transmission Alarm, etc.

2.Check SD Blocking . If blocking :

•Check if continue or spike. If spike check availability of cell (alarm) or neighbors site availability.
•If continue check parameter idle mode such as RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN and CRO (2db). If not proper adjust to proper parameter such as CRO (2dB)
for GSM shall be 0 and DCS default by 13.
•If no cell out of service and already standard parameter and no missing neighbors, check if still can tune parameter (If DCS blocking reduce CRO
(2dB) for DCS or if GSM blocking increase CRO (2dB) for DCS) otherwise add SDCCH channel.

3.Check Frequency
Bad SDSR due to frequency most likely will have steady value until there is change in BCCH. Checking base on Map is most
suitable ways. Co-channel and Adjacent Cell head to head must be avoid and tune if any. Retune BCCH is one of most effective to improve SDSR
in cluster level.

4.Check Coverage
Coverage must be maintain to have good SDSR since excessive coverage (overshoot) will cause interference and low downlink /
uplink level. We can check coverage by CTRx counter (TA Measurement) and check on map.
Downtilt is solution for this case but shifting some SDCCH from Hopping TRx to BCCH TRx can help SDSR since avoid “hit” on
hopping channel if BCCH more clear. Add T200 help also to increase delay for SD Channel request due to low signal strength.

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 Analyze and Improve HOSR
 Analyze and Improve HOSR:

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 Mobility
 Mobility can be improve by:
1. Check Alarm and Hardware
Spike degradation on HOSR can be happen due to alarm occurrence such Cell Out of Service Alarm due to Hardware Alarm of
neighbors site. Hardware problem without alarm also can degrade HOSR since to fast Handover occur due to poor signal
strength caused by hardware problem.

2. Check Neighbor Relation

Check missing neighbors or not proper neighbors (not needed).
Define which relation that having bad success ratio. Check target cell that having bad success rate from all incoming, If all
incoming have bad success rate check alarm and hardware problem, if not check parameter per relation adjacent and modify.

3. Check Db Internal and External Cell

Check database especially external adjacent to make sure database created in external adjacent is updated with current
database (BCCH, BSIC, LAC)

4. Check Handover Parameter Threshold

Threshold parameter can be set depends on network situation. If set to high can cause unnecessary HO but if set too low can
have late HO and call may be drop. Some case we render more hard to attempt HO to reduce HO fail in network by Increase
Inter cell HO Hysteresis, Min Access Level Offset, PBGT HO Threshold for same layer or Increase Adjacent Cell Inter Layer for
different layer.

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 HO 16 Bit
Serving Cell
Parameters A B C D E F G
Received Signal Strength (DL) -94 -88 -90 -80 -75 -100 -99
Min DL Power on HO Candidate Cell 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Min UP Power on HO Candidate Cell 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Min Access Level Offset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Inter-cell HO Hysteresis 3 4 4 3 3 4 4
Cell Layer 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Cell Layer Priority 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Co-BSC/MSC Adj Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Inter Layer HO threshold 30 28 30 28 30 30 28
Inter Layer HO hysteresis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cell Ext Type Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal
Load Handover Threshold 85 85 85 85 85 85 85
Load Req. on Candidate Cell 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
Load HO allowed No No No No No No Yes
Min UP Power on HO Candidate Cell : The M criterion supports the minimum value constraint of uplink receive level of the adjacent cell.
Expected uplink level of the adjacent cell >= (Min UP Power on HO Candidate Cell + Min Access Level Offset)
The M criterion is met if the Filtered downlink level of the adjacent cell >= (Min DL Power on HO Candidate Cell + Min Access Level Offset); otherwise, the M
criterion is not met.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47 dBm).

Min DL level on Candidate Cell : This parameter specifies the minimum downlink receive level of a neighbor cell.
Expected downlink level of the neighbor cell >= (Minimum downlink power of the candidate cell for handover + Minimum access level offset)
The M criterion is met if the Expected uplink level of the neighbor cell >= (Minimum uplink power of the candidate cell for handover + Minimum access level
offset); otherwise, the M criterion is not met

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 HO 16 Bit
DL / UL Qual. Threshold : This parameter specifies the downlink / uplink receive quality threshold of an emergency handover. An emergency handover is
triggered when the downlink / uplink receive quality is greater than or equal to the DL / UL Qual. Threshold.
When an emergency handover is triggered, an inter-cell handover should be preferentially selected. An intra-cell handover, however, is triggered if no
candidate cell is available and if intra-cell handovers are allowed.

Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold : If the DL receive level remains lower than the Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold for a period, the edge handover is triggered. If the
PBGT handover is enabled, the relevant edge handover threshold can be decreased. If the PBGT handover is not enabled and the edge handover threshold is
not properly set, cross coverage, co-channel interference, and adjacent channel interference are likely to occur. The Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold should be
adjusted based on the handover performance statistics and the actual network performance to achieve the UL/DL balance.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47 dBm).

Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold : If the UL receive level remains lower than the Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold for a period, the edge handover is triggered. If the
PBGT handover is enabled, the relevant edge handover threshold can be decreased. If the PBGT handover is not enabled and the edge handover threshold is
not properly set, cross coverage, co-channel interference, and adjacent channel interference are likely to occur. The Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold should be
adjusted based on the handover performance statistics and the actual network performance to achieve the UL/DL balance.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47 dBm).

Inter-layer HO Threshold : This parameter is used to determine the inter-layer in the 16 bits to sort the candidate cells for handovers.
Inter-layer HO threshold of a serving cell = configured Inter-layer HO Threshold - Inter-layer HO Hysteresis
Inter-layer HO Threshold of an adjacent cell = configured Inter-layer HO Threshold + Inter-layer HO Hysteresis of an adjacent cell - 64.

Inter-layer HO Hysteresis: This parameter specifies the hysteresis of an inter-layer or inter-priority handover. This parameter is used to avoid inter-layer ping-
pong handovers.
Actual Inter-layer HO Threshold of a serving cell = configured Inter-layer HO Threshold - Inter-layer HO Hysteresis
Actual Inter-layer HO Threshold of an adjacent cell = configured Inter-layer HO Threshold + Inter-layer HO Hysteresis of an adjacent cell - 64.

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 Analyze and Improve TDR
 Analyze and Improve TDR:

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 Analyze and Improve TDR
 Analyze and Improve TDR:
1.Check Alarm / Hardware Problem
Like SDSR sudden degradation on TDR due to alarm occurrence such as Radio Link Prompt Alarm, Cell Out of Service, LAPD OML fault, etc.
Some case alarm not occurred but hardware having problem.

2.Check Frequency.
Bad frequency planning causing high interference. This can be on BCCH TRx or on Hopping TRx. For BCCH TRx mainly on BCCH channel
assigned and for Hopping TRx depends on Mal Id, HSN and MAIO assigned.

3.Check Neighbors.
Neighbors relation must be checked to guarantee continuity of mobile user. Wrong or missing adjacent relation lead to wrong handover
scenario or causing call dragging and easy to occur drop call. Neighbors database check also needed especially for different BSC. Correction of missing
neighbors will improve TDR also HOSR as well.

4.Check Coverage
Similar with SDSR case, excessive TA distribution can increase drop call since interference happened and poor signal strength on uplink or
downlink easy to have more drop call. Tilting the cell to have more proper coverage will improve TDR, addition adjacent to overshoot area sometimes help TDR
but not always improve. Sometimes need to check RxLevelAccessMin to be proper not too small value and CRO (2dB) not too high value.

5.Reduce blocking on TCH

Blocking on TCH can degrade TDR in a network since TCH can not be accessed especially for handover case. Blocking when handover occurred
can cause call dragging and lead to increment of drop call. This TCH Blocking can be reduce by traffic sharing, increase HR portion, Lower PDTCH ratio.

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 Improvement TBF Completion SR
 Global Change Parameter:
1. Release Delay of Downlink TBF(ms)
This parameter specifies the release delay of the downlink TBF.
After sending the last downlink RLC data block and confirming that all downlink data blocks are received, the network does not immediately notify the MS of
releasing this TBF but forcedly set the last data block not received. Therefore, keep this TBF unreleased by continuously resending the last downlink data block
with the Relative Reserved Block Period (RRBP) flag.
If this parameter is set to a higher value, this wastes the wireless resources and influences the the access performance of other MSs in the network, thus
causing the useless signaling seizing the channel bandwidth and wasting the downlink resources.
2. Inactive Period of Extended Uplink TBF(ms)
This parameter specifies the inactive period of the extended uplink TBF.
Upon receiving the last uplink RLC data blocks (CountValue=0) from the MS that supports the extended uplink TBF function, the network does not release this
uplink TBF immediately but set it to the inactive mode
If this parameter is set to a higher value, the release delay of the uplink TBF increases, thus wasting the uplink
resources.
3. Support 11BIT EGPRS Access
This parameter specifies whether the 11-bit EGPRS access is supported.
Yes: supported
No: not supported

No Condition Parameter Name Before After

1 All Cell Release Delay of Downlink TBF(ms) 2400 1000
2 All Cell Inactive Period of Extended Uplink TBF(ms) 2400 1000
3 All Cell Support 11BIT EGPRS Access Yes No

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 Improvement EDGE DL Throughput
1. PDTCH Re-Dimensioning
2. Additional Idle Time Slot
Example with current E1:
Site : Banyusoco (3 Sector, 1 E1, Multiplexed Mode (2:1), #TRx = 9, #BCCH =
3, #SDCCH = 7, Maximum Ratio Threshold of PDCHs = 30%.
From this information we can calculate number of TCH + PDTCH Channel (A)
A = 9 (TRx) * 8 (Tsl) – 3 (BCCH) – 7 (SDCCH)
= 62 Channel
TS for RSL = Roundup (9 (TRx) / 2 (Multiplex mode))
= 5 (64 Kbps)
Idle Time Slot can be configured = 1*128 (E1) – 62 (TCH+PDCH) – 5*4 (RSL)-
4*1 E1 (OML) – 4 (buffered)
= 38 Idle time slot (16 Kbps)
Example with Maximum Ratio Threshold of PDCHs
From information PDCHs maximum will be = rounddown (30% * 62 Channel)
= 18 Channel
Idle Time Slot needed with this config
= 18 * 3 (Idle Time Slot in ABIS to get high MCS (8/9))
= 54 Idle time slot (16 Kbps)
E1 required = (62 (TCH + PDCH) + 5*4 (RSL) + 54 (Idle TS) + 4 (OML) )/ 124 (E1
– 4 buffered)
= 1.13 (Need 2 E1 / Add 1 E1 from current).

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Thank You
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