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Transport Layer
Part 3/5
Computer
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Networking: A Top
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Down Approach
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7th edition
Thanks and enjoy! JFK/KWR
Jim Kurose, Keith Ross
All material copyright 1996-2016 Pearson/Addison Wesley
J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved April 2016
Transport Layer 2-1
Pipelined protocols
pipelining: sender allows multiple, “in-flight”, yet-
to-be-acknowledged pkts
• range of sequence numbers must be increased
• buffering at sender and/or receiver
U 3L / R .0024
sender = = = 0.00081
RTT + L / R 30.008
seq #’s n= 0, 1, 2, 3
0123012
0123012 pkt3
X
window size ‘N’ =3 0123012
pkt0 will accept packet
with seq number 0
(a) no problem
receiver sees no difference
in two scenarios! receiver can’t see sender side.
receiver behavior identical in both cases!
duplicate data accepted as something’s (very) wrong!
new in (b)
pkt0
Q: what relationship between 0123012
pkt1
seq # size and window 0123012 0123012
pkt2
size to avoid problem in 0123012
X
0123012
(b)?
0123012
X
timeout
retransmit pkt0 X
0123012 pkt0
will accept packet
with seq number 0
(b) oops!
Transport Layer 3-17
sender window receiver window
Selective repeat: (after receipt) (after receipt)
seq #’s n= 0, 1, 2, 3
0123012
0123012 pkt3
X
window size ‘N’ =3 0123012
pkt0 will accept packet
with seq number 0
(a) no problem
0123012 pkt0
0123012 pkt1 0123012
0123012 pkt2 0123012
X 0123012
X
timeout
retransmit pkt0 X
0123012 pkt0
will accept packet
with seq number 0
(b) oops!
Transport Layer 3-18
Chapter 3 outline
3.1 transport-layer 3.5 connection-oriented
services transport: TCP
3.2 multiplexing and • segment structure
demultiplexing • reliable data transfer
3.3 connectionless • flow control
transport: UDP • connection management
3.4 principles of reliable 3.6 principles of congestion
data transfer control
3.7 TCP congestion control