CIRCULATORY

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
SYSTEM
 The circulatory system, also called
the cardiovascular system or
the vascular system, is an organ
system that permits blood to circulate
and transport nutrients (such as amino
acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon
dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to
and from the cells in the body to provide
nourishment and help
in fightingdiseases, stabilize
temperature and pH, and
maintain homeostasis.
 The human heart is
an organ that pumps
blood throughout the
body via the circulatory
system, supplying oxygen
and nutrients to the
tissues and removing
carbon dioxide and other
wastes.
 Theheart
The right has
ventricle
four pumps the oxygen-
chambers: two
atria andpoor
twoblood to the lungs.
ventricles.
 The right
The left atrium
atrium receives
receives oxygen-
oxygen-rich
poor blood
blood from thefrom theand
lungs body and it to
pumps
pumps itthe to left
the ventricle.
right ventricle.
Theleft
 The right ventricle pumps the
ventricle pumps the oxygen-
oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.
rich blood to the body.
 The left atrium receives oxygen-
rich blood from the lungs and
pumps it to the left ventricle.
 The left ventricle pumps the
oxygen-rich blood to the body.
 Atrium
- an upper chamber of
the heart that receives
blood from the veins and
forces it into a ventricle.

 Ventricle
- a lower chamber of the
heart
 Vessels
a blood vessel is a hollow tube
for transporting blood. There are
three main types of blood vessels:
• Arteries
• Capilliaries
• Veins
These main blood vessels
function to transport blood through
the entire body and exchange oxygen
and nutrients for carbon dioxide and
wastes.
 The arteries carry
blood away from
the heart, and are
under high
pressure. The
large pulmonary
artery carry
unoxygenated
blood from the
right ventricles to
the lungs, where it
gives off carbon
dioxide and
receives oxygen.
 The capillaries make up a
network of tiny vessels with
extremely thin , highly
permeable walls. They are
present in all of the major
tissues of the body and
function in the exchange of
gases, nutrients, and fluids
between the blood, body
tissues, and alveoli of the
lungs.
 Veins are blood vessels that
carry blood toward the heart.
Most veins carry deoxygenated
blood from the tissues back to
the heart; exceptions are the
pulmonary and umblical veins,
both of which carry oxygenated
blood to the heart. In contrast to
veins, arteries carry blood away
from the heart.
CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM OF
ANIMALS
 Mammals
- the mamalian heart has
four chambers:

• Right Atrium
• Left Atrium
• Right Ventricle
• Left Ventricle
 Two Antrioventricular Valves
(AV) and Two Semilunar
Valves (SV)
• Tricuspid Valve- an AV valve
between right atrium – right
ventricle
• Bicuspid Valve
• Pulmonary Valve
• Aortic Valve
 Reptiles
All reptalian circulatory
systems have a heart, blood
vessels, including veins,
arteries and blood, just like
mammals and birds. Not all
reptiles have the same exact
circulatory structure ,
though , specially with
regard to the heart.
Amphibians
Most have three chambers;
two atria and one ventricle.
The ridge in the ventricle
takes most of the oxygen-poor
blood from the right atrium to
the pulmocutaneous circuit
and most of the oxygen-rich
blood from the left atrium to
the systemic circuit.
 Fish
- have a
simple circulatory
system, which
consist of a two
chambered heart,
blood and blood
vessels. Unlike
humans, they
have a single
circulatory
pattern.
 Insects
Insects, like all other anthropods,
have an open circulatory system which
differs in both structure and function from
the closed circulatory system found in
human and other vertebrates. In a close
system, blood is always contained within
vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries, or the
heart itself). In an open system, blood
(usually called hemolymph) spends much
of its time flowing freely within body
cavities where it makes direct contact with
all internal tissues and organs.
 Birds
- birds circulatory system are
surprisingly like our humans
ones. The heart in birds are
divided into six parts:
• Right Atrium
• Left Atrium
• Right Veins
• Left Veins
• Right Ventricles
• Left Ventricle
CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM OF
PLANTS
 Vascular Plants and Non-Vascular
Plants
The key difference between
vascular and non-vascular plants are
that non-vascular plants have no
circulatory system, this is the reason
they do not grow to be nearly the same
size. Since they lack the xylem needed
to transport water throughout, they
are covered in waxy cuticles that help
absorb and keep water in as they have
no method of transporting it.
 Ferns
The ferns were
the first plant
species to develop
a circulatory
system that lets
the grow larger.
They have roots,
leaves, stem, and
trunks. With their
new vascular
system, the sky
was the limit for
plants.
 The xylem of a plant is the
system of tubes and transport
cells that circulates water and
dissolved minerals. As a plant,
you have roots to help you
absorb water.
 Xylem is made of vessels that
one connected end to end for
the maximum speed to move
water around. They also have a
secondary function of support.
 Herbs
Herbs are linked in with the
circulation of the planets oxygen and
nutrient flow. Beautifully, plants breath
“CO2(our waste gas) and provide us with
oxygen. We depend on each other. We are
linked with plants in so many ways.
Chlorophyll is chemically similar to red
blood cells, specifically the heme, which is
the oxygen-transporting part of
hemoglobin. The difference is that red
blood cells contain iron as their central
atom, whereas chlorophyll contains
magnesium.
 Chlorophyll allows plants
to use the energy in
sunlight to convert carbon
dioxide and water into
sugar and oxygen. This
process, called
photosynthesis, allows
plants to create protein,
fiber and other necessities
for their growth.
 Transpiration
In a nutshell, transpiration
draws water from the soil up
from the root hairs to the roots,
then through the plant through
the xylem, and out through the
stomata openings. The
transpiration of the xylem
system make use of some of the
physical properties of water.
 Xylem
Xylem cells runs throughout
the leaves and stems, supplying
water and minerals to cells in
need as well as to the stomata. In
flowering plants these xylem cells
are known as vessels. Water
enters the xylem pathway from
the root system by passing
through cell membranes at the
casparian strip.
 Phloem Fun
The fun never stops in the plant’s
circulatory system. Most plants heve
green leaves, where the photosynthesis
happens. When those sugars are made
, they need to be given to every cell in
the plant for energy. Enter phloem. The
phloem cells are laid out end-to-end
throughout the entire plant,
transporting the sugars and other
molecules ctreated by the plant.
Phloem is always alive.
 The Casparian strip is a waxy
bottleneck that forces the water to
pass through a cell membrane
before entering the xylem pathways.
Before it reaches the Casparian
strip, water first passes from the
surrounding soil into the roots via
osmosis. Since the water in the soil
has a lower mineral concentration
than the water in the roots cells,
water will pass through the semi-
permeable cell membranes.
References :
https://www.google.com.ph
http://www.webmd.com/heart/
chambers-of-the-heart
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Circulatory_system
http://www.maximumyield.com
www.slideshare.net
www.boundless.com
www.study.com
 Group 7
Russel Asugui
Marthine Lopez
Karl Keneth Yaco
Andrei Karl Louise Peng
Jonessa Arante
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WATCHING