GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT

PRESENTERS:

 NUR FARAH SYAZWANI BINTI MOHAMAD ZAMRI

 FARHANA FATIN BIN MD ARIS
 NUR IFFAH FITRI BINTI IDELFITRI
 NORAIDA IWANI BINTI ALIAS
 NORFADLINA BINTI SHARIPUDIN

GROUP : AS115 4A

PREPARED FOR :
 MISS ASNIDA YANTI BT ANI
 GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE
Geothermal resources are
reservoirs of hot water that exist
at varying temperatures and
depths below the Earth's surface.

Mile-or-more-deep wells can be

drilled into underground
reservoirs to tap steam and very
hot water that can be brought to
the surface for use in a variety of
applications, including electricity
generation, direct use, and
heating and cooling.
 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
• It is simply power derived from the Earth’s Internal Heat
• This thermal energy is contained in the rock and fluids beneath
Earth’s crust
• It can be found from shallow ground to several miles below the
surface and even farther down to the extremely hot molten rock
called magma
• These underground reservoirs of steam and hot water can be
tapped to generate electricity or to heat and cool buildings
directly
1. Hot water is pumped from deep underground through
a well under high pressure.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the pressure is
dropped, which causes the water to turn into stream
3. The stream spins a turbine, which is connected to a
generator that produces electricity
4. The stream cools off in a cooling tower and condenses
back to water
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to
begin the process again
• Dry Steam Plants
• Flash Steam Plants
• Binary Cycle Power Plants
TURBINE

A steam turbine is a device

that extracts thermal
energy from pressurized
steam and uses it to do
mechanical work on a
rotating output shaft.
• Steam turbine converts heat energy of steam into mechanical energy and

drives the generator.

• It uses the principle that steam when issuing from a small opening attains a
high velocity. This velocity attained during expansion depends on the initial
and final heat content of the steam.
• This difference between initial and final heat content repesents the heat
energy converted into kinetic energy
• The steam is run into the turbine, which converts its high thermal energy
into kinetic energy that rotates the turbines blades.
• Based on the law of conservation of energy. It stated that energy is
isolated system and its amount remains costant.
• It will turning heat into work under concrete pressure, temperature and
other physical factors.
• As the results the shaft rotates and the turbine produces work and electrical
energy.
 The purpose of a surface
condenser is to condense the
exhaust steam from a steam
turbine to obtain maximum
efficiency, and also to convert
the turbine exhaust steam into
pure water
• The main purpose of the condenser is to maximize turbine efficiency by
maintaining a proper vacuum by condensing steam, removing dissolved non
condensable gases from the condensate and conserving the condensate for re-
injection or as feed water for the cooling tower.

• As the operating pressure of the condenser is lowered (vacuum is increased),

the enthalpy drop of the expanding steam in the turbine will also increase. This
will increase the amount of available work from the turbine and thus electrical
output.

• By lowering the condenser operating pressure, the following will occur:

1) increased turbine output,
2) increased plant efficiency
3) reduced steam flow (for a given plant output).
• There are two principal types of condensers:
a) the jet condenser which employs a jet of cold
water to condense the steam
b) a surface condenser which employs cold metal
surfaces.
Cooling Tower

Cooling towers are used to

remove waste heat from a
process by releasing it to
the atmosphere. It
promotes efficient
water usage
HEAT TRANSFER METHOD:
 OUTSIDE THE COOLING
TOWER

INSIDE THE COOLING

TOWER
 ADVANTAGES OF GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT

1. Significant Cost Saving

2. Reduce Reliance on Fossils Fuels
3. No Pollution
4. Direct Use
5. Job Creation and Economic Benefits
 DISADVANTAGES OF GEOTHERMAL POWER
PLANT

1. High Installation Costs

2. Can Run Out of Steam
3. May Release Harmful Gases
4. Not Widespread Source of Energy
5. Suited to Particular region
6. Transportation
 FACTS
• Geothermal hotspot
• Hot springs in Iceland

Blue Lagoon, Iceland