PUBLIC GOODS, MERIT

GOODS & PRIVATE GOODS

A.TENRI SANNA ILMA SUCIATY, SKM, M.KES
Definisi
 Public Good:
Barang atau jasa yang dihasilkan untuk
memberikan manfaat/benefit dan dikonsumsi
secara collective.

Karena collective, tidak dapat menghindari

seseorang untuk memanfatkannya
Public goods is refers to the concept of the good
that:
Impact to the Community
High Externalities
Individuals Value less Than the Society Does.

Spektrum Sifat Pelayanan Kesehatan:

Public Goods   Private Goods

Peran Pemerintah !!!

BEDA PUBLIC, PRIVATE DAN MERIT
GOODS
• RIVALRY
• EXCLUDABLE
• EKSTERNALITY POSITIVE
• NO MARGINAL COST
• BEDAKAN MASING-MASING
BEDA PUBLIC, PRIVATE DAN MERIT
GOODS
• Ciri-ciri Public Goods
• Non RIVALRY
• NON EXCLUDABLE (EKSTERNALITY
POSITIVE)
• No Marginal Cost
• Externalitas
Sifat : PUBLIC GOOD DAN PRIVATE GOODS

Public goods:
1. Sulit melarang org menikmatinya
2. Tak ada marginal cost utk pengguna
berikutnya
3. Ekternalitasnya besar (dampak thd orang
banyak/org lain)
4. Orang cenderung tidak mau bayar
5. Contoh: keamanan, mercu suar, dll
Private goods:
1. Ada marginal cost
2. Marginal Cost menjadi barrier untuk
konsumsi
3. Ekternalitasnya kecil (dampak hanya
thd orang bersangkutan)
4. Demand elastis thd harga
5. Contoh: barang lux, bedah kosmetik,
USG utk periksa kelamin janin, dll.
 8
Example of public, merit and private goods
MARGINAL EXCLUDABILI EXTERNALITY
COST TY
PUBLIC GOODS (-) SMALL (-) VERI LARGE
-Helath
promotion
-Pollution control
-Vector control
MERIT GOODS (+) (+) LARGE
-Immunization
-Family planning
service
-Treatment of TB
-Treatment of
malaria
PRIVATE GOODS (+) (+) (-)
-Medical check up
-USG for
detecting the sex
of embrio
-Cosmetic surgery
 Pure Private
Goods
No/low fees Some/high fees

Cosmetic surgery
Open heart surgery
Kidney dialysis Curative
VIP IP care
2nd class IP care
OP hospital self-referrals Private sector
OP hospital referrals predominates
Hospital outpatient
Public sector
predominates Health center curative
Maternal and Child Health
Family Planning
Comm Disease Control Preventive
Environmental sanitation
Water supply

Pure Public Goods

• Ciri-ciri Private Goods
• RIVALRY
• EXCLUDABLE
• Marginal Cost
• No Externalitas

• Merit goods : diantar Public goods dan private

goods
Contoh public goods
• Jalan raya
• Water sanitation
Contoh private goods
• Pelayan UGD
• Bedah kosmetik
Contoh merit goods
• Family planning