Motivation

Meaning :- Derived from a Latin word MOVERE, which

means to propel or to move.
Thus, motivation is a force which make person to move
or behave in a particular way. It is technique of
encouraging somebody for putting his best possible
efforts for achieving the pre–set goal.
Definition:-
 Motivation means a process of inspiring people to act to
accomplish desired goals. (General)
 Motivation can be defined as inspiring & inducing the
employee to perform in the best possible manner to
achieve desired goals for organization. (Management)
•
Hunger
When someone is hungry, the need for food dominates everything else. It
motivates people to obtain and consume food. Of course we must eat to live.
But, what makes you feel hungry?
• Studies have indicated that many events inside and outside the body may trigger
hunger or inhibit it. The stimuli for hunger include stomach contractions, which
signify that the stomach is empty, a low concentration of glucose in the blood, a low
level of protein and the amount of fats stored in the body.
• The liver also responds to the lack of bodily fuel by sending nerve impulses to the
brain. The aroma, taste or appearance of food may also result in a desire to eat. It
may be noted that none of these alone gives you the feeling that you are hungry. All
in combination act with external factors (such as taste, color, by observing others
eating, and the smell of food, etc.) to help you understand that you are hungry.
• Thus, it can be said that our food intake is regulated by a complex feeding satiety
system located in the hypothalamus, liver, and other parts of the body as well as the
external cues available in the environment. Some physiologists hold that changes in
the metabolic functions of the liver result in a feeling of hunger.
• The liver sends a signal to a part of the brain called hypothalamus. The two regions
of hypothalamus involved in hunger are - the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the
ventro-medial hypothalamus (VMH).
• LH is considered to be the excitatory area. Animals eat when this area is stimulated.
When it is damaged, animals stop eating and die of starvation. The VMH is located
in the middle of the hypothalamus, which is otherwise known as hunger-controlling
area which inhibits the hunger drive.
 Thirst
• What would happen to you, if you were deprived of water
for a long time? What makes you feel thirsty?
• When we are deprived of water for a period of several hours, the mouth and throat
become dry, which leads to dehydration of body tissues. Drinking water is
necessary to wet a dry mouth. But a dry mouth does not always result in water
drinking behavior. In fact processes within the body itself control thirst and
drinking of water.
• Water must get into the tissues sufficiently to remove the dryness of mouth and
throat. Motivation to drink water is mainly triggered by the conditions of the body:
loss of water from cells and reduction of blood volume. When water is lost by
bodily fluids, water leaves the interior of the cells. The anterior hypothalamus
contains nerve cells called ‘osmo-receptors’, which generate nerve impulses in case
of cell dehydration. These nerve impulses act as a signal for thirst and drinking;
when thirst is regulated by loss of water from the osmo-receptors, it is called
cellular-dehydration thirst.
• But what mechanisms stop the drinking of water? Some researchers assume that the
mechanism which explains the intake of water is also responsible for stopping the
intake of water. Others have pointed out that the role of stimuli resulting from the
intake of water in the stomach must have something to do with stopping of drinking
water. However, the precise physiological mechanisms underlyingthe thirst drive
are yet to be understood.
Nature of Motivation
Motivation Cycle
 Motivation Cycle
• Need
It’s a product of physical and physiological deprivation in the body. Its what which
is lack in our body or in life.
Desire of homeostatic condition.
Type:- A. Biological:- basic physical need. example:-hanger, oxygen
B. Sociogenic :-individual happiness & wellbeing. example:-love, power

• Drive
Need Physical arousal and physiological
tension motivates fulfill the
needs reduce tension
 Motivation Cycle
• Incentive
It is an objective or event present in the environment that encourages an
individual to perform an action in the absence of any apparent physiological
need.
This incentive may be material object such as money, or an intangible one
such as positive reception from a significant person.
• Rewards
State of achievement of the incentive.
Feel of pleasure, satisfaction gives rewards to self.
Restore homeostatic condition.
Types:- A. fully achieved:-feeling inspired. example:- cook food & eat
B. partial achieved:-not fully satisfied ,may be requirement to
restart a cycle. example:-chocolate
Motivation Factors
Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory
Assumptions
Solution
 Recognition is most important
• Employee Motivation is the key to happy and satisfied employees.
• A happy workplace has higher productivity and higher productivity
generates higher revenue in return.
• Employee productivity is a measure of employee retentivety and
empowered employees with a happy workplace and work collaboration at
the workplace.
• Employers today do come up with a variety of employee motivation ideas
to motivate team spirit, social networks and interaction at work.
• They also encourage picnics award ceremonies, star employee appraisals
and many other strategies in place but we often ignore the fact that the
simplest strategy is employee motivation.
• Employee Motivation can be by awards, social team outings, praise and
points for high performers.
• Recognizing high performers and awarding them is the best tool to high
employee productivity and performance.
 Recognition
• Though not possible to measure on a scale, it is a powerful tool to create a team environment.
This encourages employees for high performance, higher retention rates, higher productivity,
and reduced expenses to inattentiveness at work, safety issues or on the job downtime.
Recognizing employees for the work they do, only costs some time and effort .It’s a work
which will pay you back as an employer. Once you initiate this program you will see that it
bears you results.
• Here are some benefits of employee recognition at work:
• Higher productivity: Employee productivity enhances, and many a times improves when
employee’s high performance is recognized and rewarded.
• Reduced rework: Increase efforts at work in a way reduces work errors and in a way reduces
rework at work. It enhances employee productivity and high performance is in a way
delivered.
• Reduced cost: Ad work and rework is reduced, unwanted costs are reduced and the company
can expect better return on low company expenses.
• Employee retentivity: Retentivity enhances as employees perform better and they are
motivated to work .They no longer remain job hoppers and stick to one job and do not leave
jobs or switch to other jobs.
• Improved performance ratings: As employee performs well the company gets better returns
and the managers are happy with the work performed. They give higher and improved ratings
to employees and overall yearly appraisals of each employees are better.
• Monthly hikes: Better performance appraisals result in performance pay and hikes on
monthly and yearly basis, which produces high performing, satisfied and happy employees.
 Importance
Motivation is important both to an individual and a
business.
Motivation is important to an individual as:
1. Motivation will help him achieve his personal goals.
2. If an individual is motivated, he will have job satisfaction.
3. Motivation will help in self-development of individual.
4. An individual would always gain by working with a dynamic team.
Similarly, motivation is important to a business as:
1. The more motivated the employees are, the more empowered the team is.
2. The more is the team work and individual employee contribution, more
profitable and successful is the business.
3. During period of amendments, there will be more adaptability and
creativity.
4. Motivation will lead to an optimistic and challenging attitude at work place