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Other Names:
● Helios (the forgotten titan of the Sun)
● Phoebus (Named after his grandmother Phoebe, a
titan goddess with the gift of prophecy and meaning
ray or light)
● Phoebus Apollo
● Smintheus (Meaning “Plague Bearer” or “Rat Apollo”)
● Loxias (meaning “tricky”)
● Pythian (For slaying the giant snake known as
Python)
God of...
●Archery ●Oracles and prophecy
●Music ●Shepherds, herds, and
●Dance flocks
●Poetry ●Healing
●Knowledge ●The plague
●The sun and light ●Protector of young people
Background Information
● Born on the island of Delos (A previously floating island)
● Twin brother of Artemis
● Mother: Leto, a second-generation Titan and protector of
the young
● Father: Zeus
● Ideal of the kouros (κούρος) (free standing ancient greek
sculptures)
○ Beardless, athletic, and youthful appearance
Phaeton and the Horses of the Sun (Part 1)

● Told by his mother, the sea nymph Clymene, that his father
is Apollo, the one who drives the chariot of the sun
● His schoolmates did not believe that Phaeton was the son of
a god
● Asks his mother for proof but she has none, so she tells him
to “Go and ask Apollo” himself
● He travels to India and reaches the palace of the Sun
Phaeton and the Horses of the Sun (Part 2)

● Phaeton asks for proof and Apollo confirms that Phaeton is

his son, and then swears on the river Styx to grant Phaeton
whatever he desires to prove it
● Apollo regrets swearing on the river Styx because Phaeton
wishes to drive the chariot of the Sun
● Apollo describes how only he, (not even Zeus, ruler of the
gods) can drive the sun chariot
Phaeton and the Horses of the Sun (Part 3)

● Phaeton listens but does not change his mind

● Apollo leads him to the chariot and tells him to hold the reins
tight and not go too high or too low lest he set fire to where
the god’s live or set fire to the Earth
● The horses soon felt that their charioteer was inexperienced
and left the travelled road
● Phaeton regrets his decision and sets Earth on fire
Phaeton and the Horses of the Sun (Part 4)

● “At last Earth could endure no more and cried out to Zeus,
“O ruler of the gods, save what yet remains of us from the
devouring flame!”
● Zeus hears the cries and strikes Phaeton from his seat with
a thunderbolt
● Phaeton’s charred body falls far below into the great river,
Eridanus
How is Apollo Seen Today?
● Mostly seen as the god of (classical) arts
● His use of archery and his chariot continue to be
remembered, but are looked upon as additional
characteristics rather than part of his core identity
● Another notable characteristic that survived the ages are
his many lovers
● Apollo missions
○ Named “Apollo” because the god’s name is associated with
attractive connotations and they already named missions after
mythological gods and heroes (e.g. Mercury)
Sources:
Anonymous. Apollo. Wikipedia . Continuous. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo

Anonymous. Apollo, Greek god. greekmythology.com . Summer of 2000.

https://www.greekmythology.com/Olympians/Apollo/apollo.html

Anonymous. Απολλων(Apollo). Theoi.com. June 2006.

https://www.theoi.com/Olympios/Apollon.html

Anne Terry White, Phaeton and the Horses of the Sun, The Golden Treasury of
Myths and Legends, Golden Press, 1959

Anonymous. Phoebus Apollo. Indepthinfo.com. September 2009.

http://www.indepthinfo.com/greek-
gods/apollo.htm#targetText=Phoebus%20Apollo%3A%20God%20of%20the,%2C%20Phoebus%2C%20or%20Phoebus%2
0Apollo
Sources Cntd.
Gill, N.S. Apollo, Greek god of the Sun, Music, and Prophecy. Thoughtco.com.
Mythology and Religion. September 05, 2019. https://www.thoughtco.com/apollo-
greek-god-sun-music-prophecy-111902

Anonymous. Apollo. wikia.org. Mythology. Continuous.

https://mythology.wikia.org/wiki/Apollo

Anonymous. Apollo. Greekgodsandgoddesses.net. September 2014.

https://greekgodsandgoddesses.net/gods/apollo/

Anonymous. Origin of NASA names. History.nasa.gov. January 2003.

https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4402/ch4.htm