State of Local Planning in the Philippines

• Inactive Local Development Council

• Indifferent or unsupportive Sanggunian

REGION/
• Lack or total absence of vertical PROVINCE
linkages

BARANGAY/ CITY/
MUNICIPALITY
 State of Local Planning in the Philippines

• Lack or total absence of

horizontal linkages among
sectoral concerns
Sectoral plans

X
• Weak plan – to – budget linkage

CDP BUDGET
 State of Local Planning in the Philippines
• Multiplicity of plans Gender & Development Plan
Tourism Development Plan
Local Poverty Disaster
Reduction Action Plan Management
Plan
Revenue Generation Plan
Solid Waste
Management Plan Traffic Management Plan
SAFDZ Plan
Local Shelter Integrated Area Community PeacePlan for the
Plan & Order & Public Safety Plan
Elderly
Information & Forest
Small & Medium Enterprise Communication
Development Plan Technology Plan Management Plan

Food Security Plan Nutrition Action Plan

► Only 11 out of various NGA-mandated plans can be
recalled by LGUs

► Disaster Management Plan & the Solid Waste

Management Plan were considered most useful

► LPRAP & GAD were consistently mentioned as

unnecessary

► 38% of NGA-mandated plans have not been

formulated
 No sanctions anyway
 Plans were not considered necessary or beneficial
 Repetitive
 No focal person to steer the plan formulation process
 A RATIONALIZED LOCAL PLANNING
SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES
► This is the latest and possibly the last attempt to put order
to the present chaos that characterizes local planning in
the Philippines.

► The chaotic condition owes in part to the persistence of

pre-devolution practices and also the failure to implement
to their full implications the Local Government Code
provisions on local planning.

► To rationalize the local planning system therefore starts

with the intention to faithfully comply with the applicable
provisions of the Local Government Code.
 A RATIONALIZED LOCAL PLANNING
SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES
► Another dimension of rationalization is to reduce the number of
plans that LGUs must prepare to the two comprehensive plans
(CLUP and CDP) that are mandated in the Code.

► This implies that national government agencies requiring certain

sectoral or topical plans of LGUs to prepare must integrate these
requirements into the CLUP or CDP, as the case may be, and allow
the local planning structure and processes to respond to these
requirements.

► Corollary to the above dimension is the need for NGAs that are
directly involved in local planning to harmonize or dovetail their
planning guidelines with one another to avoid further confusing the
LGUs.
 A RATIONALIZED LOCAL PLANNING
SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES
► Yet another area of rationalization touches on
reconfiguring the planning process from its traditional
technocratic form into one that accommodates the
imperatives of multi-stakeholder participation and
consultation.

► This entails “taming” the planning process so that even

those who are not technically trained can participate
meaningfully in determining public policies and actions that
affect their lives.
Why “rationalize”

Need to implement the full implications of the Local

Government Code of 1991 pertaining to planning

Why “planning system”?

The answer is based on the DUAL FUNCTIONS of the LGU:

As a POLITICAL UNIT of the National Government:

LGUs are in charge of the management of

its entire geographical territory for and in
behalf of the national government
As a CORPORATE BODY, LGUs are responsible for:

• Representing its inhabitants

• Delivering basic services & facilities to enable its
inhabitants to develop fully into self-reliant
communities, and
• Promoting the general welfare among the
inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction
 PLANNING IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF GOVERNANCE

GOVERNANCE

PLANNING

Performing planning functions involves addressing

the following issues:

WHY WHO HOW WHAT

should LGUs is in- are plans are the tools for plan
plan? charge? prepared? implementation?
 Components of the Planning System

The local planning structure WHO should be

and its functions involved in planning?

The plan or plans that the

planning structure is WHY should LGUs plan?
mandated to produce

The processes that the

planning structure will follow to HOW are plans prepared?
produce the desired plan
outputs

The tools for plan HOW can LGU plans be

implementation implemented?
 Components of the Local
Planning System
► Planning structure
► Planning mandates
► Planning process
► LGU Authority Levers
LOCAL PLANNING
STRUCTURE
 The Local Planning Structure

► Political Component ► Technical Component

Policy making body that
defines the content and
direction of local
government
Its principal function is
to deliberate to make
decisions or lay down
policies
Supplies the technical
content and process of
local planning
It generally has no
decision-making
powers
 LOCAL PLANNING STRUCTURE

POLITICAL COMPONENT TECHNICAL COMPONENT

LOCAL LOCAL LOCAL SECTORAL &

DEVELOPMENT SANGGUNIAN SPECIAL FUNCTIONAL
COUNCIL BODIES COMMITTEES

LCE DEPARTMENT
HEADS
PUNONG
BARANGAYS* LPDO

CONGRESSMAN OR NGAs
REPRESENTATIVE
Private Sector
Representatives
CSOs/ PSO

* In case of the City/municipality; members of the Sanggunian in case of the Barangays;

mayors in case of the Province
 Structure of the Local Development Council

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
COUNCIL

EXECUTIVE
COMMITTEE

SECRETARIAT

SECTORAL COMMITTEES FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEES

Members to be drawn from all As much as possible, members should

societal sectors be drawn from the sectoral
Encouraged in LGUs that cannot committees
afford to organize their LPDOs to its Ad – hoc multi- sectoral bodies to
full complement be organized as the need arises
 STRUCTURE OF THE LDC

LDC Primary Functions

In Plenary LDC:
 Formulate development plans and policies;
 Formulate public investment programs;
 Appraise and prioritize programs and projects;
 Formulate investment incentives;
 Coordinate, monitor and evaluate implementation of development programs
and projects.
Executive Barangay Development Councils:
 Mobilize people’s participation in local development functions;
Committee
 Prepare barangay development plans;
 Monitor and evaluate implementation of national or local programs and
projects.
Executive Committee:
 Represent the LDC when it is not in session;
Secretariat  Ensure that the LDC decisions are faithfully carried out and act on matters
needing immediate attention by the LDC;
 Formulate plans, policies and programs based on principles and priorities laid
out by LDC.
Secretariat:
 Provide technical support to the LDC;
 Document proceedings;
 Prepare reports;
Sectoral or Functional  Other support functions as may be necessary.
Committees Sectoral or Functional Committee:
 Assist the LDC in the performance of its functions;
Social  Provide the LDC with data and information essential to the formulation of
Economic plans, programs and activities;
Infrastructure  Define sectoral or functional objectives, set targets and identify programs,
Environment and projects and activities;
Natural Resources  Collate and analyze data and conduct studies;
Institutional  Conduct public hearings on sectoral planning, projects and activities;
 Monitor and evaluate programs and projects; and
 Perform functions assigned by the LDC.
 Functions of the Local Development Council
• Formulate development plans & policies
LDC In Plenary
• Formulate public investment programs
• Appraises & prioritizes programs & projects
• Coordinate, monitor & evaluate implementation of
development programs & projects

• Represent the LDC when it is not in session

• Ensure that the LDC decisions are faithfully carried
out
Executive
• Act on matters needing immediate attention by
Committee the LDC
• Formulate plans, policies & programs based on
principles & priorities laid out by the LDC

• Provide technical support to the LDC

Secretariat
• Document proceedings
• Prepare reports
Sectoral /
• Extend other support functions as may
Functional be necessary
Committees
 Functions of the Local Development Council

LDC In Plenary • Assist the LDC in the performance of

its functions
• Provide the LDC with data &
Executive information essential to the
formulation of plans, programs &
Committee
activities

SECRETARIAT
• Define sectoral or functional
objectives, set targets & identify
programs, projects & activities;
Sectoral / • Collate & analyze data
Functional
Committees • Conduct studies
• Conduct public hearings on sectoral
planning, projects & activities
• Monitor & evaluate programs &
projects
• Perform other functions as may be
assigned by the LDC
 Composition of Sectoral Committees

SOCIAL SECTOR

CORE TECHNICAL EXPANDED TECHNICAL FULL-BLOWN

WORKING GROUP WORKING GROUP SECTORAL COMMITTEE

LPDO, SWDO, POSO, CTWG + Police Chief, ETWG + Sports

LDC Rep (Barangay), Fire Marshall, Local Organizations,
LDC Rep (CSO), Civil Registrar, PCUP, Religious Leaders,
District Supervisor, Nutrition Officer, Labor groups, Senior
PTA Federation, Housing Board Rep, Citizens, Media Reps,
Sanggunian NSO, Manager of YMCA/YWCA, Civic
Representative GSIS/SSS Organizations, School
Principals, Charitable
Organizations
 Composition of Sectoral Committees

ECONOMIC SECTOR

CORE TECHNICAL EXPANDED TECHNICAL FULL-BLOWN

WORKING GROUP WORKING GROUP SECTORAL COMMITTEE

PESO, Agriculturist, CTWG + DTI Rep, ETWG + Lions Club,

Tourism officer, Coop Chamber of Commerce Jaycees, Rotary Club,
Development Officer, & Industry, Trade Academe, other
LPDO Staff, LDC Rep Unions, Bank interested individuals/
(Barangay), LDC Rep Managers, Market groups
(CSO), Saggunian Vendors, Sidewalk
Rep Vendors, Cooperatives,
Transport
Organizations
 Composition of Sectoral Committees

PHYSICAL & LAND USE

CORE TECHNICAL EXPANDED TECHNICAL FULL-BLOWN

WORKING GROUP WORKING GROUP SECTORAL COMMITTEE

Local Engineer, CTWG + Electric ETWG + Other

Zoning Officer, Coop Rep., Water interested groups
LPDO Staff, LDC District Rep., Real and individuals
Rep (Barangay), Estate Developers,
LDC Rep (CSO), Professional
Saggunian Rep, Organizations,
Local Architect Telecommunication
Companies, Academe
 Composition of Sectoral Committees

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

CORE TECHNICAL EXPANDED TECHNICAL FULL-BLOWN

WORKING GROUP WORKING GROUP SECTORAL COMMITTEE

MPDO Staff, LDC CTWG + Sanitary ETWG +

Rep. (Barangay), Inspector, C/PENRO, Environmental
LDC Rep (CSO), FARMC Reps, BFAR Advocates, other
Head of General Rep., Heads of private interested groups
Services, C/PENRO, Hospitals, Academe and individuals
Sanggunian Rep.
 Composition of Sectoral Committees

INSTITUTIONAL SECTOR

CORE TECHNICAL EXPANDED TECHNICAL FULL-BLOWN

WORKING GROUP WORKING GROUP SECTORAL COMMITTEE

MPDO Staff, LDC CTWG + HRDO, ETWG + Religious

Rep. (Barangay), Treasurer, Budget groups, Good
LDC Rep (CSO), Officer, Assessor, Governance
Local Academe Advocates, Other
Administrator, interested groups &
Sanggunian Rep individuals
 SUGGESTED SECTORAL COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Sectoral Committee Core Technical Working Group Expanded Technical Working Group Full-Blown Sectoral Committee
(Must be there) (Nice to have around) (The more the merrier)

1. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT MPDO Staff SWDO Police Chief Fire Marshall Sports Organizations Labor Groups
MHO POSO Local Civil Registrar Population Officer Religious Leaders Senior Citizens
LDC Rep (brgy) LDC Rep (CSO) PCUP Nutrition Officer Media Reps YMCA/YWCA
District Supervisor PTA Federation Housing Board Rep NSO Inner Wheel Club School Principals
Sanggunian Rep Manager GSIS/SSS Charitable Organizations

2. ECONOMIC PESO Agriculturist Chambers of Commerce & Industry Lions Club Jaycees
DEVELOPMENT Tourism Officer Coop Devt Officer DTI Representative Trade Unions Rotary Club Academe
MPDO Staff LDC Rep (brgy) Bank Managers Market Vendors Other interested groups and individuals
LDC Rep (CSO) Sanggunian Rep Sidewalk Vendors Cooperatives
Transport Orgs

3. PHYSICAL/ LAND USE Municipal Engineer Zoning Officer Electric Coop Rep Water District Rep Other interested groups and individuals
DEVELOPMENT MPDO Staff LDC Rep (brgy) Real Estate Developers Academe
LDC Rep (CSO) Sanggunian Rep Professional organizations
Municipal Architect Telecommunications companies

4. ENVIRONMENTAL MPDO Staff Sanggunian Rep Sanitary Inspector Academe Environmental Advocates
MANAGEMENT LDC Rep (brgy) LDC Rep (CSO) CENRO PENRO Other interested groups and individuals
General Services Head LG-ENRO FARMC Reps BFAR Rep
Heads of private hospitals

5. INSTITUTIONAL MPDO Staff HRDO Religious groups

DEVELOPMENT LDC Rep (brgy) Treasurer Good Governance advocates
LDC Rep (CSO) Budget Officer Other interested groups and individuals
LGOO Assessor
Local Administrator Sanggunian Rep Academe

CORE TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP – composed of Local Government officials and functionaries whose tasks and responsibilities address the concerns of the particular sector
directly or indirectly.

“NICE TO HAVE AROUND” – other LGU officials, national government agencies operating in the locality, and important non-government organizations with functions and
advocacies touching on the concerns of the particular sector. When added to the core TWG the resulting body becomes the Expanded TWG.

“THE MORE THE MERRIER” – other groups and individuals, mainly from non-government sectors, who have a stake in local development in whatever capacity, enrich and
enliven the full-blown committee’s deliberations with their varied views, agendas, and advocacies.
 Mandated Plans
Comprehensive Land
Use Plan (CLUP)
The Plan for the
management of local
territories
The LGUs, shall, in conformity
with existing laws, continue to
prepare their respective
comprehensive land use plans
enacted through zoning
ordinances which shall be the
primary & dominant bases for
the future use of land
resources. Sec. 20 (c), RA
7160
Comprehensive
Development Plan
(CDP)
The Plan with which the LGU
promotes the general welfare of its
inhabitants in its capacity as a
corporate body.
Each LGU shall have a comprehensive multi-
sectoral development plan … Sec. 106, RA
7160
The LDCs shall … formulate long-term, medium-
term and annual socioeconomic development
plans & policies… Sec. 109, RA 7160
 LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT MODEL

LONG – TERM COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN (CLUP)

FRAMEWORK PLAN
SETTLEMENT PROTECTION PRODUCTION INFRASTRUCTURE
POLICIES LAND POLICIES LAND POLICIES POLICIES
IMPLEMENTATION
ZONING ORDINANCE OTHER REGULATORY MEASURES
INSTRUMENTS
COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
MULTI-YEAR, MULTI-
SECTORAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC INFRA ENVI. MGT. INSTITUTIONAL
DEVELOPMENT PLAN

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
IMPLEMENTATION INVESTMENT PROGRAM LEGISLATIVE
INSTRUMENTS SUPPORT MEASURES

TERM – BASED PLAN EXECUTIVE & LEGISLATIVE AGENDA (ELA)

ANNUAL INVESTMENT
PROGRAM

ANNUAL BUDGET
PLANNING MANDATES OF
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
 Sec. 15, LGC
Political and Corporate Nature of LGUs.
Every LGU is a body politic & corporate
endowed with powers to be exercised by it
in conformity with law. As such, it shall
exercise powers as a political subdivision of
the National Government and as a corporate
entity representing the inhabitants of its
territory.
 Sec. 2 (a), LGC
Declaration of Policy.
The State that the territorial & political
subdivisions of the State shall enjoy genuine
& meaningful local autonomy to enable them
to attain their fullest development as self-
reliant communities & make them more
effective partners in the attainment of
national goals.
Planning Implication for the LGU
► To manage its territory on behalf of the
National State.
► To promote the general welfare of its
inhabitants.
 Two comprehensive plans
mandated in LGC
► CLUP to manage the entire territory (Sec.
20, c)
► CDP to promote the general welfare
(Sec.106)
 Sec. 20(c), RA 7160
► The local government units shall, in
conformity with existing laws, continue to
prepare their respective comprehensive land
use plans enacted through zoning
ordinances which shall be the primary and
dominant bases for the future use of land
resources: Provided, That the requirements
for food production, human settlements,
and industrial expansion shall be taken into
consideration in the preparation of such
plans.
 Sec. 3(i), RA 7160
► Local government units shall share with the
National Government the responsibility in
the management and maintenance of
ecological balance within their territorial
jurisdiction, subject to the provisions of this
Code and national policies;
THE CLUP AND THE MANAGEMENT
OF LOCAL TERRITORIES

ANCESTRAL DOMAIN

PUBLIC DOMAIN
PRIVATE DOMAIN
(A&D) • Untitled A&D
• Timberlands
• Mineral Lands
• National Parks
• Municipal Waters

THE THREE DOMAINS WITHIN THE LGU TERRITORY

The 4 CLUP Policy Areas
 THE COMPREHENSIVE
DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Holistic
Economic
Sector
Integrated
Seamless
Social Comprehensive
Sector
Development
 Sec. 106, RA 7160
► Each local government unit shall have a
comprehensive multi-sectoral development
plan to be initiated by its development
council and approved by its sanggunian…
the LDCs shall assist their corresponding
sanggunian in setting the direction of
economic development, and coordinating
development efforts within their territorial
jurisdiction.
 Section 16, RA 7160
► General Welfare. –
 Every local government unit shall exercise the powers expressly
granted, those necessarily implied therefrom, as well as powers
necessary, appropriate, or incidental for its efficient and effective
governance, and those which are essential to the promotion of the
general welfare.

 Within their respective territorial jurisdictions, local government units

shall ensure and support, among other things, the preservation and
enrichment of culture, promote health and safety, enhance the right of
the people to a balanced ecology, encourage and support the
development of appropriate and self-reliant scientific and technological
capabilities, improve public morals, enhance economic prosperity and
social justice, promote full employment among their residents, maintain
peace and order, and preserve the comfort and convenience of their
inhabitants.
THE DEVELOPMENT SECTORS & SUB-SECTORS
PLANNING PROCESS
► CLUP (General & LGC-Compliant)
► Conventional Sectoral Planning
► Simplified Sectoral Planning
► Combined CLUP-CDP Process
► Simplified CLUP-CDP Process
SECTORAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS
The CLUP-CDP Process Flow
Chart prepared by Ernesto M. Serote
 VISION STATEMENT

VISION ELEMENT (BY SECTOR)

ELEMENT DESCRIPTORS

SUCCESS INDICATORS OF
EACH DESCRIPTOR

VISION – REALITY GAP

CURRENT REALITY

SECTORAL GOALS
TIME/RESOURCE
ECOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS
PROFILE
STATISTICAL
COMPENDIUM SECTORAL OBJECTIVES AND
DECISION ZONES TARGETS
PROBLEM/ SOLUTION
MATRIX
SECTORAL
CLUP POLICIES STRATEGIES/POLICIES

SECTORAL PROPOSED NEW

SIMPLIFIED PROGRAMS/PROJECTS LEGISLATIONS

SECTORAL LDIP/AIP LEGISLATIVE AGENDA

PLANNING ELA

PROCESS
(EXECUTIVE/LEGISLATIVE AGENDA)
Simplified Planning Process
Elaboration of Specification of
Ends Means

Vision
C L U P
Physical Planning Goals Spatial Strategies

Element Location Principles

Descriptors Protection
(what it takes (what can be Production
to close the reasonably Settlement
gap) done in 3 yrs) Infrastructure
Success
Indicators
Sectoral Development
Vision- Sectoral Objectives/ Policies
Reality Gap Goals Targets Strategies
Programs
Projects
Current Reality C D P Legislation

Ecological Profile
Statistical Compendium
Thematic Maps
 LOCAL PLANNING LOCAL PLANNING PROCESS AND TOOLS FOR
STRUCTURE OUTPUTS IMPLEMENTATION
POLITICAL COMPONENT (PC)
CLUP
(Sanggunian, Local Development Vision
Council (LDC), Civil Society (CS) Statement Zoning/ Co-
Locational Management
and Congressman
Principles &
 Deliberates, Lays down Vision Land/Water
Element Long-term Use Policies
policies, Take decisions Development
Goals of Regulation
LDC Execom Physical Spatial
Element Development Strategy
Descriptors Public
TECHNICAL COMPONENT (TC) Investments
(NGAs, LPDO, CS, LSBs, LCE’s
Sectoral/ Functional Committees) Success NGA Programs Private
Indicators Agenda
Investments
Incentives
• Generates data for sectoral Vision – Sectoral
planning Sectoral
Reality Goals Objectives Taxation
• Formulates sectoral Gap & Targets
development goals, objectives LDIP/AIP
& targets Priority
Current
Reality Programs
• Identifies programs & projects Budget
Projects
• Conducts public consultations • Ecological
Profile New
• Monitors program & project CDP Legis-
implementation • LDIs lation
Monitoring & Evaluation
• Conducts detailed researches & • Thematic
maps (Outputs, Outcomes & Impacts
analyses
• SLGR
TC / PC TC TC / PC TC / PC
LGU Authority Levers for
Plan Implementation
►Regulation
►Taxation
►Public Investment
►Private Investment
Incentives
►Co-management
Regulation
► Zoning
► Subdivision Regulation
► Building Regulation
► Environmental Law Enforcement
Taxation
► Basic Taxes
► Special Levies on Property
- Special Education Fund
- Idle Lands Tax
- Special Benefit Levy
Public Investment
► LocalDevelopment Investment
Program
► Annual Investment Plan
Private Investment Incentives
► Fiscal Policies
► Joint Ventures
► B-O-T Schemes
 NATIONAL-LOCAL GOVERNMENT
CO-MANAGEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND
NATURAL RESOURCES
Thank You !