Piaget’s Stages of

Cognitive
Development
Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Theory of
Development
Piagetian Tasks- Piaget’s research method involved a small number of
individuals as they responded to cognitive task that he designed.

Piaget called his general theoretical framework “ genetic

epistemology” because he is interested in how knowledge developed
in human organisms.
Basic cognitive Concepts

 Schema- refer to cognitive structures by which

individuals intellectually adapt to an organize
their environment.
 It is an individual’s way to understand or create
meaning about a thing or experience.
 It is like the mind has a filing cabinet and each
drawer has folders that contain files of things he
has had an experience with.
Basic Cognitive Concepts

Assimilation- This is the process of fitting

a new experience into an existing or
previously created cognitive structure or
schema.

Accommodation- this is the process of

creating a new schema.
Basic Cognitive Concepts

Equilibration- is achieving proper

balance between assimilation and
accommodation.
 Cognitive disequilibrium- we experienced,
when our experience do not match our
schemata (plural or schema) or cognitive
structures.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
 1.) Sensori-motor stage- ( 0-2 years old)
experiencing the world through senses and
actions ( looking, hearing, touching, mouthing
and grasping)
 Object permanence- this is the ability of the
child to know that an object still exist even when
out of site. This ability is attained in the sensory
motor stage.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
 2.) Pre-Operational Stage- (2-7 years old)
representing things with words and images; using
intuitive rather than logical reasoning.
 Symbolic Function- this is the ability to represent
objects and events.
 Egocentrism- this is the tendency of the child to
only see his point view and to assume that
everyone also has his same point of view.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
 Centration- this refers to the tendency of the
child to only focus on one aspect of a thing or
event and exclude other aspects.

 Irreversibility-pre-operational children still have

the inability to reverse thinking. They can
understand that 2+3 is 5 but cannot understand
that 5-3 is 2.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
 Animism- this is the tendency of children to
attribute human like traits or characteristics to
inanimate objects.

 Transductive reasoning- This refers to the pre-

operational child’s type of reasoning inductive
nor deductive.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
 3. ) Concrete-Operational Stage- ( 7 -11
years old) this stage is characterized by the
ability of the child to think logically but only in
terms of concrete objects.
 Decentering- this refers to the ability of the child
to perceive the different features of objects and
situation.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development

 Reversibility- during the stage of concrete

operations, the child can now follow that certain
operations can be done in reverse

 Conservation- this is the ability to know that

certain properties of objects like number,
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development

 Mass, volume, or area do not change even if

there is a change of appearance.

 Seriation- this refers to the ability to order or

arrange things in a series based on one
dimension such as weight, volume or size.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
4.) Formal Operational Stage- ( 12- 15 years
old) the individual demonstrates abstract thinking
including logic, deductive reasoning, comparison
and classification.

Hypothetical Reasoning- this is the ability to come

up with different hypothesis about a problem and
to gather and weigh data in order to make final
decision or judgment.
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
Analogical Reasoning- this is the ability to
perceive the relationship in one instance and then
use that relationship to narrow down possible
answers in another similar situation or problem.

Deductive Reasoning- this is the ability to think

logically by applying a general rule to a particular
instance or situation.
 Group Six (6)

Thank you so much.

And Good evening.
LIVE-LOVE-LAUGH