LAB # 1

Learning IPV4 Addressing &

Subnetting (Class C Address)
 What is an ip address ?
• An ip address is a 32 bit number usually
represented as four fields each representing 8
bit numbers in the range 0 to 255 (sometimes
called octet) separated by decimal points .
• Example
150.215.17.9
10010110.11010111.00010001.00001001
 CLASSFUL ADDRESSING
• An ip address consists of two parts, one
identifying the network and the other host
Identification of Classes
 Examples
• 00000001.00001011.00001011.11101111

• 11000001.10000011.00011011.11111111

• 14.23.120.8
 Subnetting
Subnet

Subnet is a logical partition of an ip network in

to multiple smaller network segments
• What is a network address ?

• What is a broad cast address ?

• What is subnet mask ?

 Example
192.168.10.0

• To which class does it belong ?

• How many octets belong to network and how
many to host ?
• How many possible hosts can we have in this
network?
Network address is first address in the network and
it is used for identification of network segment. All
the IP addresses, using the same network address
part, are in the same network segment

Broadcast address is the last address in the

network, and it is used for addressing all the nodes
in the network at the same time. It means that IP
packet, where the destination address is broadcast
address, is sent to all nodes of the IP network.
Subnet mask is a 32-bit number that masks an
IP address, and divides the IP address into
network address and host address. Subnet Mask
is made by setting network bits to all "1"s and
setting host bits to all "0"s.

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
255.255.255.0
 Subnetting
• For subnetting , we borrow bits from the
original host position and designate them as
the subnet field.

• Example :

192.168.10.0 /26
 192.168.10.0/26
• What is the subnet mask for this address ?
 192.168.10.0/26
• What is the subnet mask for this address ?

11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
255.255.255.192
 192.168.10.0/26
• What are the possible number of subnets ?
 192.168.10.0/26
• What are the possible number of subnets ?

2^x = number of subnets.

where ,
x is the number of masked bits,
Here number of subnets are 4
 192.168.10.0/26
• How many hosts per subnet ?
 192.168.10.0/26
• How many hosts per subnet ?

2^y – 2 = number of hosts per subnet.

where ,
y is the number of unmasked bits, or the 0s.
Here number of hosts per subnet are 62
 192.168.10.0/26
• What are the valid subnets ?
 192.168.10.0/26
• What are the valid subnets ?

Valid subnet = 256 – subnet mask

Valid subnets :
• 192.168.10.0
• 192.168.10.64
• 192.168.10.128
• 192.168.10.192
 192.168.10.0/26
• What is the broadcast address for each
subnet?
 192.168.10.0/26
• What is the broadcast address for each
subnet?

1- 192.168.10.63
2- 192.168.10.127
3- 192.168.10.191
4- 192.168.10.255
 192.168.10.0/26
• What are the valid hosts ?
 192.168.10.0/26
• What are the valid hosts ?

192.168.10.1 - 192.168.10.62
192.168.10.65 - 192.168.10.126
192.168.10.129 - 192.168.10.190
192.168.10.193 - 192.168.10.254