 The lungs are spongy organs that sit on both

sides of the chest.

 The left lung has two lobes; the right lung has
three.

 Lung nodules:

 Lung nodules, also called pulmonary nodules, are

small growths found inside the lung. Most lung
nodules are benign and develop no symptoms.
Non-small cell lung cancer:

 About 80-90 percent are NSCLC.

 Grows more slowly

 several subtypes, but most are

adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas.
 A change or worsening of a chronic cough

 Coughing or spitting up blood

 Pain in the chest or back

 Weight loss

 Shortness of breath

 Bone pain
 X-ray

 Lab tests, including advanced genomic testing

 Biopsy

 CT scan, CT angiogram and PET/CT scan

 Auto fluorescence, navigation and/or robotic

bronchoscope
 Chemotherapy

 Radiation therapy

 Immunotherapy

 Surgery

 Interventional pulmonology
 Age

 Family history

 Smoking and second hand smoking

 Exposure to asbestos or other pollutant

 Exposure to radon

 tobacco use
 Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs
in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of
the uterus that connects to the vagina.

 Various strains of the human papillomavirus

(HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a
role in causing most cervical cancer.
 You can reduce your risk of developing cervical
cancer by having screening tests and receiving a
vaccine that protects against HPV.
 Symptoms:
 Early-stage cervical cancer generally produces no
signs or symptoms.
 Signs and symptoms of more-advanced cervical
cancer include:
 Vaginal bleeding
 Watery, bloody vaginal
 Pelvic pain
 Cervical cancer begins when healthy cells
acquire a genetic change (mutation) that
causes them to turn into abnormal cells.

 Healthy cells grow and multiply at a set rate,

eventually dying at a set time. Cancer cells
grow and multiply out of control, and they
don't die
 Squamous cell carcinoma. This type of
cervical cancer begins in the thin, flat cells
(squamous cells) lining the outer part of the
cervix, which projects into the vagina. Most
cervical cancers are squamous cell
carcinomas.

 Adenocarcinomas. This type of cervical

cancer begins in the column-shaped
glandular cells that line the cervical canal.
 Many sexual partners

 Early sexual activity

 Other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

 A weak immune system

 Smoking
 Get vaccinated against HPV

 Have routine Pap tests.

 Practice safe sex

 Don't smoke