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Academic Year :2019/2020

Department :English Language and Literature


Filière :English Studies
Semester : 1, Module 4
Course : SPOKEN ENGLISH

1- : STRESS: STRESSED VERBS


 This unit provides practice in understanding and using rhythm patterns in


verbs of more than one syllable.
 Two-syllable verbs:
Two-syllable verbs:
 Verbsof two-syllables contain one syllable which
dominates.
 Thissyllable is the historical 'root' from which the
verb is formed.
 It can usually be recognized because (a) it is also
a word itself, like the 'bright' in 'brighten', or (b)
it occurs as a root in other words,as in the '-ject'
of 'inject', 'project', 'reject', or (c) the other
syllable is (or resembles) a common prefix or
suffix. two-syllable verbs are stressed on this
root
 There are two patterns:
 1- Where the root is the first syllable;
 2- Where the root is the second syllable;
The root as the first syllable:

 These verbs have stress on the first syllable:


 Make sentences using the following verbs:
 cover bother gather hamper hinder
wither
 harden brighten frighten soften hasten
happen
 finish perish polish relish nourish
publish;
The root as second syllable:

 These verbs have stress on the second


syllable and never on the prefix. Note that
the verbs having this stress pattern
 (. ___ ) begin with the following elements:
 ad- be- com- (or con-) de- dis-
em- (or en-)
 im- (or in-) mis- out- pro- pre- sub-
(or suc-) trans- re- (not meaning 'again')
The verb suffixes -ATE and -IZE:

 1- -ate:
 In verbs ending with -ate, the stress is on -
ate if the verb has two syllables, but on the
third syllable from the end if the verb is
longer than two syllables.
 EXAMPLES:
 .____ . . ___ . ___. ___
 negate operate exaggerate
Practice

 Practise by making sentences of your own


using the verbs below:

 relate illustrate regulate equate
evaluate irritate indicate illuminate
debate celebrate articulate collate
cultivate congratulate ingratiate.
-ize or -ise:

 Inverbs of three or more syllables ending


with -ize (-ise),
 thestress is usually three syllables from the
end.
 EXAMPLES:
 __ .. . ___ . .
 civilize industrialize
3 2 1 4 3 2 1
PRACTICE
 Practise making sentences of your own using the
verbs below:

 sterilize centralize immunize utilize
compromise industrialize harmonize synthesize
commercialize exercise immortalize
materialize .
SUMMARY
1- Two syllable verbs are of two types: a) when
the root is the first syllable, stress falls on the
first syllable. But it falls on the second syllable
when the root is the second syllable;
 2- two-syllable verbs with the suffix -ate have
the stress on the second syllable;
 3- three-or-more-syllable verbs with the suffixes
-ate, -ise or -ize have stress on the third syllable
from the end.

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