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Baqai Dental College

BMU, Karachi
They are used for auxiliary
retention in dentistry
 Accessory retention
 Additional retention
 Extra retention
 Supplementary retention
Yes ?
No?
Yes?
No?
They require auxiliary retention
as they are Complex cavities
1. Mechanical retention
2. Chemical retention
 Macromechanical retention
 Micromechanical retention
 Non pin supported
 Pin supported
 Post supported
 Amlgapins
Parallel (or slightly occlusally converging)
walls of preparation give good retention
Undercuts are the primary
source of retention in direct
restorations
Cavity occurs on mesial or distal
surface but dovetail is made to
achieve retention
 Lock
 Slot
 Cove
 U-shaped groove
Given in dentin in the walls of the
proximal box at axio-lingual and axio-
buccal line angles
Retentive lock being formed with bur # 169L
Locks prepared
0.2 to 0.3 mm wide and
0.5mm deep into dentin
It is a type of retentive groove whose
whole length is in horizontal plane
Place with 33-1/2
Inverted cone
inverted cone
It is a small concavity (depression)
prepared in vertical walls of a cavity
coves

lock

slots
It is a is U-shaped continuous groove
along the line angle between gingivo-
axio –lingual and gingivo-axio-buccal
line angle

It does not impinge in the pulpal direction


It is prepared with 1/4 round bur at a very
low speed with a minimal pressure
Placement locations similar to other pins
 Depth 1.5-2.0 mm
 Diameter 0.8 mm
 Place with #330 or #56 (0.8mm dia.)
 It
is achieved through
dentinal pins
 Grossly mutilated teeth
 Extended preparation
 Cores for full coverage restoration
 Economic factors
 Active caries
 Large pulp chamber
 Abnormal crown or root contour
 Difficulty in access for twist drill and pin
placement
 Cement pins
Rarely used now
 Friction-locked pins
 Self- threading pins
Food of thought for us ??
Friction-locked

Cement pins TMS


 The most retentive pins
 TMS ( Thread Mate System) is the most
widely used self-threading pins
Color-coding system
Wide range of sizes
Gold-plated surface
Greater retentiveness
• contra-angle low speed hand piece

Hand wrench

Drill
Bending tool
Regular
( 0.031 inch [0.78 mm])

Minim
(0.024 inch [0.61mm])

Minikin
(0.019 inch [0.48 mm])

Minuta
( 0.015 inch [0.38 mm]).
Name color code pin diameter drill diameter
Regular gold 0.031” 0.027”
Minim silver 0.024” 0.021
Minikin red 0.019” 0.017”
Minuta pink 0.015 0.0135”
 Complete cavity preparation, including careful
caries removal
 Choose location for pin and prepare a starting
point with a #1/4 round bur
 Re-evaluate pin location
 Check direction by palpating the external
surface of the tooth
 Prepare pin channel
 Place pin
 Bend pin as necessary
 Try in matrix band
 Try in amalgam condensers
 Cut off excess length of pin, leaving about
2mm projection ( It is difficult!)
 Pins provide retention form
 Pins do not strengthen either the tooth or
the restoration (actually weaken both)

 Therefore, limit use to minimum #


necessary
Place only in healthy dentin
Demineralized dentin will not hold pins
Post-operative sensitivity if placed close to
the pulp
 1 pin / missing cusp
 1 pin / missing line angle
 1 pin / missing proximal surface
 3 surface preparations (e.g. MOL, DOL,
MOB & DOB have lost line angle + cusp--
place 1 pin
 1 mm inside the DEJ
 2.0 mm into dentin
 2.0 mm into amalgam
 Depends on pin diameter

 3 mm for Minikin 0.019" dia. pins


 5 mm for Minim 0.021" dia. pins)
 Larger dia. greater inter-pin distance
 line angle areas
 Above bifurcation
 Above trifurcation
 Where root concavity is expected
 Drill parallel to the nearest external
tooth surface
 Align twist drill with external tooth
surface
 Clockwise rotation
 Drill hole in one continuous motion
 Keep drill revolving until withdrawn
from dentin
 Maintain constant angulations
Pilot holes must enter dentin at 90º to
gain access to condense amalgam
around full circumference of pin
 Voids around pin due to inadequate
condensation
 Pin at or just below surface of amalgam
 Dentinal crazing & enamel cracks
 Pulp exposure
 Root perforation
 Potential
for microleakage
 Weakens amalgam

Remedy:
Shorten with round diamond
Stress concentration at end of pin occurs
causing dentinal crazing or root fracture
with subsequent microleakage
 Cover exposure with Ca(OH)2
 Apply GIC over Ca(OH)2
 Condense amalgam into perforation
 Remove amalgam from outside of root &
burnish thoroughly
 It is achieved through acid-etching
 It is achieved through Chemical union

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