BUILDING PLASTIC AND GLASS

BY: AAYUSHI ENGINEER

AISHWARYA CHAUHAN
JANVI CHOTALIYA
NIRAL GAJJAR
Bansi Vekaria
SAKSHI GOYALA0312
Achal Dadhania A0612
Savan
SUB:Ginoya
B.M.C.T.-VIIA0912
A1512
Deep Parsana A2112
Shruti Ladani B4512
Prithvirajsinh Bilkha B5312

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 TYPES OF PLASTIC
ACRYLIC
• Acrylic sheeting is often referred to as plexiglass or acrylic glass. It is a
much stronger and safer alternative building material than glass and
other plastics.

Commercial and
Skylights
Residential Windows Secure Facilities: It has
a very high resistance
to damage and
abrasions, making it
one of the strongest
plastics, providing a
high level of protection
Solar Panels A safe box for facilities.
COMPOSITES
A composite is a material that is engineered from two or more materials
that have different physical or chemical properties. This takes characteristics from
the combined materials to create a high-performing building material. Composites
are a very common building material, and there are many different types:
1. Wood plastic composites
2. Fiber reinforced plastic
Wood-
Fibre-reinforced plastic is a
plastic composites (WPCs)
composite material made of a polymer
are composite materials made
matrix reinforced with fibres. The fibres are
of wood fiber/wood flour and
usually glass, carbon, aramid, or basalt.
thermoplastic. In addition
Rarely, other fibres such as paper, wood, or
to wood fiber and plastic.
asbestos have been used.
EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE
• Polystyrene is a
synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon polym
er made from the monomer styrene.
Polystyrene can be solid or foamed.
• General-purpose polystyrene is clear,
hard, and rather brittle. It is an
inexpensive resin per unit weight.
• It is a rather poor barrier to oxygen
and water vapour and has a relatively Expanded Expanded
low melting point. Polystyrene is one polystyrene polystyrene
of the most widely used plastic. sheet packaging
POLYPROPYLENE
• Polypropylene, also known as
polypropene, is a thermoplastic
polymer used in a wide variety of
applications.
• It is produced via chain-growth
polymerization from the monomer
propylene.
• Polypropylene belongs to the group of
polyolefins and is partially crystalline
and non-polar.
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
• Polyvinyl chloride is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic
plastic.
• This material is mostly used for PVC pipes and frame of doors and
windows. About 40 million tonnes are produced for PVC pipes per
year which is made from polyvinyl chloride.
Content
GLASS
TYPE OF GLASSES
 According to its manufacturing process:
• Float Glass
• Clear Glass
• Soda lime glass
• Lead Glass
• Aluminosilicate Glass
• Rolled Glass
• Quartz Glass (Crystalline glass)
• Borosilicate Glass
• Reinforcement Glass
• Wired Glass
• Opal Glass
• Car bronze glass

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 Post Application Processes:
• Offline Coating Glass
• Self cleaning glass
• Laminated Glass
• Chemically Strengthened Glass
• Thermally Toughened Glass
• Low E-Glass

 Post manufacturing process

• Edge Treatment
• Sand Blasting
• Acid Etching
• Pigmented glass
• Bended Glass
 Tool
 Transfer of Stresses
 Joinnery
 Material bonding
 Elements of glass

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 FLOAT GLASS
• Float process makes it possible to
produce hig quality clear glass
with virtually flat surfaces.
• Thickness 2 to 19mm. h
• Can be colored during manufacture,
acc. to light transmittance value.
• Thermal fatigue resistance from 30-
40˚C.

CLEAR GLASS
• Color purity= 1%
• light transmission= 85%
• infrared transmissiomn= 70%
• total transmission= 84%

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 Soda Lime glass
• Common glass
• Used for flat glass
• Colourless

Lead glass
• Low melting point and working temperatures
• High refractive index and specific gravity
• Used for radiation shielding(<80% PbO)
• Soft surface – easy to decorate

PATTERENED OR ROLL GLASS

• Texturing of glass surface can be
done according to design.
• Ultimate bending strength lies
slightly below float glass because
of surface pattern.
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 Alumino Silicate
• Great chemical durability(does
not easily reacts with any kind of
chemical contact ), thus can be
used in products for daily use.

Borosilicate Glass
• Resistant to chemical corrosion
• Low thermal expansion co-efficient(i.e, it can suffer
sudden drastic temperature difference)
• Used
glass fibres cooking utensils.(Oven ware,
in domestic
Chemistry lab )

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 PLASTIC REINFORCED
• Polypropylene- Flexible, fatigue-resisting
• Polyamides- Improves strength, heat distortion temp.
• Polycarbonates- Mechanical properties
• Polyesters (Fiber Glass)- High impact strength,
Durability, Hardness
• Epoxies- Strength, dimensionally stable, chemically
resistant
• Phenolic Resins- Good stiffness and strength
• Melamine formaldehyde resin- Dielectric strength
• Silicone resin- High temp. resistance
• Polyurethane Resins- Very flexible

Wire glass
• Wire mesh has been inserted during production.
• Impact resistance similar to normal glass.
• When broken, the mesh retains the pieces of
glass.
• Low cost fire glass
• Steel wire mesh is sandwiched between two
ribbons of semi molten glass. 11
Opal glass
• Small particles in the body of glass
that disperse light.
• Glass appears milky.
• Ingredients include fluorides.
• Used in light fixtures.

CAR BRONZE GLASS

• Introduction of cobalt oxide
and selenium accounts for
color and reduced UV light
transmission.
• Colour purity= 7%
light transmission= 71%
infrared transmission= 48%
total transmission= 69%
Also used in storing some of the
UV sensitive chemicals. 20
Surface
treatment
1)Offline
Coating
 Magnetron Sputteri
• Physical coating
n
• Metal Oxides, bombarded on the surfaces
g of the glass
• Employed on surfaces with cavity, insulating glass unit, protection from
moisture
 Evaporization
• Condensing of metal coatings on glass surfaces
Self cleaning glass.
• Keeps itself free from dust through natural
process.
• Film of titanium dioxide.
• Photo catalytic stage
• Hydrophilic stage.

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 Laminated glass
1) Laminated safety Glass
• At least 2 panels bonded with an intermediate layer, PVB (Polyvinyl
Butyral)

• Anti-Vidal glazing
• Anti-intruder glazing
• Bullet resistant glazing
• Explosion resistant
glazing
• Alarm glass
• Heated Glass

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THERMALLY TOUGHENED SAFETY GLASS
• Heated to its transformation pt. (640˚C)
• Suddenly blasted to cold air
• Surface cool faster contracts quicker than
the core
• Additional compressive stress on the
surface, higher ultimate bending stresses
• While overloaded fractures into numerous
pieces

LOW E GLASS
• Allows Light to come in
but resists heat to pass
through.
• So no transfer of heat
maintains the
temperature in the inside
in the hot and cold
weather.

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 ACID ETCHING
• Matt finishes, degrees of
matt finish, time the acid is
in contact with the surface
• Pattern pictures,
roughness, transparency
decreases

SAND BLASTING

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 Glass blocks

• Glass bricks are produced for both wall and floor

applications.
• Allows light to pass through maintaining the
privacy.
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GLASS AS A STRUCTURAL MATERIAL
• It also raises the question of what loads
we can put on glass in :
• Tension
• Bending
• Compression

Bending will be the focus of this

ING office, Budapest
presentation

Glass beams
• Monolithic annealed float glass
• Tempered float glass
• PVB laminated tempered float glass
• Sentry glass laminated tempered float glass
• Cast resin laminated tempered glass

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 ING office, Budapest Glass museum, Kings Wingford, Apple store, New York , use
England, PVB laminated roof of Sentry glass
beams

Wolfson building of the medical Carbon fibre reinforced glass

faculty of the university of roof beams for the loggia di
Glasgow vicari
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