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1. σ = 15, n = 100
2. σ = 12, n = 50
3. σ = 10, n = 64
4. σ = 25, n = 36
5. σ = 27, n = 49
In many instances when we are testing hypothesis,
we want to find out if the mean difference is statistically
significant or not. The z-test can be used for this purpose.
Generally, the z-test is used when the following conditions
are satisfied.
𝑋ത − 𝜇 𝜎
𝑧= 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝜎𝑋ത =
𝜎𝑋ത 𝑛
The formula can be written as
(𝑋ത − 𝜇) 𝑛
𝑧=
𝜎
Where
𝑋ത = mean of the sample
µ = mean of the population
n = sample size
σ = standard deviation of population
Afterwards, we compare the
test value of z against the critical
value of z by drawing the rejection
region in the sampling distribution.
The next table ( Table 5.1 ) shows
the critical values of z for the given
type of test and level of significance.
Table 5.1 : Critical Value of z
Level of Significance
Type of Test 𝛼 = 0.05
𝛼 = 0.01
+ 1.65 ( > ) or
+ 2.33 ( > ) or
One-tailed – 1.65 ( < )
– 2.33 ( < )
± 2.58 ± 1.96
Two-tailed
Example 1
Rejection Region:
Step 3:
Compute the test value, using the formula or test statistic.
(4.05−4.55) 10
𝑧= = -1.74
0.91
Rejection Region:
Step 3:
Compute the test value, using the formula or test
statistic.
(𝑋ത − 𝜇) 𝑛
𝑧=
𝜎
(92000−90000) 49
𝑧= = 3.11
4500
Rejection Region:
Step 3:
Compute the test value, using the formula or test
statistic.
(𝑋ത − 𝜇) 𝑛
𝑧=
𝜎
(26.2−22.8) 70
𝑧= = 6.18
4.6