THE SELF AS COGNITIVE CONSTRUCT

Lesson 3
 Self is "the sense of
personal identity and of who
we are as individuals".

About Us
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William James
 known as the "Father of American Psychology”
 philosopher, psychologist
EARLY LIFE
 He was born in New York City on January 11, 1842.
 Born into an intellectual family, he was the oldest of five
children.
 He studied painting, chemistry, physiology.
 He took a break from his education due to health issues
 Earned a medical degreeYourbut didHere
Title not practice medicine.
 He became a lecturer and teach psychology and
philosophy.
PERSONAL LIFE
 He married Alice Howe Gibbens in 1878.
 The couple had five children together—Henry, William, Herman, Margaret
Mary and Alexander.
 James was devastated when he and his wife lost their son Herman to
complications from whooping cough at the age of 2.

MAJOR WORKS
 He conceptualized the self as having two concepts; the "I" and the "me".
 “I” SELF “ME” SELF
The Knower The Known

Self-As-Subject Self-As-Object
“Me" is the physical
"I" is the thinking, acting and
characteristics as well as
feeling self.
psychological capabilities that
makes who you are.
Pure ego, linked to ‘soul’ or mind
Empirical self, composed of
material, social and spiritual self
Material Self
The material self consists of things that belong to a
person or entities that a person belongs to.
(e.g. body, family, money)

Social Self
Our social selves are who we are in a given social
situation.
(e.g. social interactions and relationships)

Spiritual Self
The spiritual self is our subjective and most intimate
self.
(e.g. personality, core values, morals)
CARL ROGERS (1959) THEORY
OF PERSONALITY
"I" as the one who acts and
decides
"Me" is what you think or
feel about yourself as an
object.
Other concepts similar to self is identity and
self-concept.
IDENTITY
It is composed of one's personal characteristic, social roles
and responsibilities as well as affiliations that defines who
one is.

SELF-CONCEPT
Self-concept is basically what comes to your mind when
you are asked about who you are.

Self, identity, and self concept are not fixed in

one time frame.
Carl Rogers captured this idea in his concept of self-
schema or our own organized system or collection of
knowledge about who we are.

Hobbies

Family SELF Religion

Nationality
 THEORY OF SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM
MEAD (1934)

1
We do not create our selves out of nothing society help in creating
the foundations of who we are.

2
Whether we like to admit it or not , we actually need others to affirm
and reinforce who we think we are.

3
What we think as important to ask may also have been influenced by
what is important in our social or historical context.

Social interaction and group affiliation , are vital factors in creating our self
dash concept especially in the aspect of providing us with our social identity
or our perception of who we are based on our membership to certain
groups.