08-13 October 2019

Wind Power Systems ( Chapter 07 )

Waseem Iqbal
Assistant Professor
Electrical Engineering Department
University of Management and technology

Renewable Electrical Energy Resources EE407

Contents

1. History of wind power

2. Energy generation
3. Top wind suppliers
4. Types of wind turbines
a) Vertical axis wind turbine
b) Horizontal axis wind turbine

Dear Students:
Read out this chapter from course book for better understanding.
History of wind power
Born in 1849

The world’s first wind turbine used to generate

electricity was built by Dane, Poul la Cour in 1891
Wind applications
• propelling sailing ships
• grinding grain
1877, phonic wheel motor Poul’s prototype Smith-putnam
• pumping water
prototype
• powering factory machinery
Smith-putnam wind turbine
• developed in 1941
• 1250 kW from a 175-ft-diameter
• two-bladed prop, 115 miles per hour
• Grandpa’s Knob, Vermont, USA
Grinding grain Sailing ships Pumping water
Energy generation

Energy generation (EIA 2010) Renewable energy generation (EIA 2010)

Energy generation worldwide

EIA 2009
 Wind suppliers
Top ten wind turbine suppliers.

Source: BTM consult 2008

Types of wind turbine: VAWT

G. M. Darrieus developed the turbines in

the 1920s
500-kW, 34-m diameter machine, was
undertaken in the 1980s by Sandia
National Laboratories, USA
FloWind manufactured and installed a
number of VAWT before leaving the
business in 1997, USA
Advantages
no yaw control, easy to service, no strong structure,
light weight, inexpensive, omni-directional, grouped 10 times more power
more closely, than HAWT
Disadvantages
Low wind speed, blades of a VAWT are fatigue-prone
Vertical axis wind turbines
Types of wind turbine: downwind HAWT

Advantages
• letting the wind itself control the yaw (the left–right
motion) so it naturally orients itself correctly with
respect to wind direction
Disadvantages
• wind shadowing effects of the tower
• increases blade noise and reduces power output

• American machines have tended to have just two blades

• European wind turbines have three rotor blades
• With fewer blades, the turbine can spin faster

Horizontal axis wind turbines

Types of wind turbine: upwind HAWT

Advantages
• operates more smoothly
• delivers more power
• reduce tower shading
Disadvantages
• require somewhat complex yaw
control systems to keep the
blades facing into the wind

For water pumping, multibladed design presents a large

area of rotor facing into the wind, which enables both
high-torque and low-speed operation

Horizontal axis wind turbines

Discussion

Thanks
?