TOEFL Preparation

Meeting 9
SKILL 13:

AGREEMENT AFTER CERTAIN WORDS

Look at the following sentences

Everybody are studying English now incorrect

Everybody is studying English now correct

Nobody in the class have laptop incorrect

Nobody in the class has laptop correct

Look at the following Outline

anybody
anyone
anything

Everybody
Everyone Singular Verb
Everything

somebody
Someone
Something

Nobody
No one
Nothing
Examples:

 Everybody studies TOEFL on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday

 Every student is studying TOEFL now

 Someone in Class studied TOEFL yesterday

 Each student has studied TOEFL for one week

 No one was lazy to study last week

Problems in TOEFL TEST

 Everybody in the theater are watching* the films attentively

 Every student have to* do the TOEFL Test now

 Someone in Class were* our aunt

 Exercise 13

___I___1. Anybody are welcome at the party.

C 2. No one here is afraid of skydiving.

3. Everyone in the world needs love and respect.

4. Someone have to clean up the house.

5. Each plant in the garden appear healthy and strong.

6. You should understand that anything is possible.

7. Everything in the salad are good for you.

8. Nobody in the class have completed the assignment on time.

9. I am sure that -every detail have been considered.

10. Everybody know the rules, but somebody is not following them.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skill 11- 13)

_____1. Nobody know when the process of glass-making was invented.

A B C D

_____ 2. Sugars like glucose is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
A B C D

_____3. Part of the electricity used in the United States today come from hydroelectric sources.
A B C D

___ _ 4. The languages of the world presents a vast array of structural similarities and differences.
A B C D

_____ 5. The rise of multinationals have resulted in a great deal of legal ambiguity because
A B

multinationals can operate in so many jurisdictions.

C D
______ 6. All of the east—west interstate highways in the United States has even numbers while
A B

north - south interstate highways are odd-numbered

C D

_____ 7. When a massive star in the large Magellanic Cloud exploded in 1987, a wave of neutrinos
A B

were detected on Earth.

C D

______8. Some of the agricultural practices used today is responsible for fostering desertification.
A B C D

______ 9. Every open space in the targeted area that has grass and a few bushes are occupied by the
A B C D

white-crowned sparrow.

______ 10. Krakatoa is remembered as the volcano that put so much ash into the air that sunsets
A B

around the world was affected for two years afterward

C D
SKILL 14:

PARALLEL STRUCTURE
WITH COORDINATE CONJUCTIONS
 COORDINATE CONJUCTIONS:

AND, BUT, OR
 Coordinate Connector is used to join together equal expressions.
In other words, what is on one side of these words must be
parallel to what is on the other side.

 Coor. Connector can join nouns, or verbs, or adjectives, or phrases,

or clauses.

 They must join together the same structure

Look at the following chart outline:

And
Same Structure But Same Structure
Or

And
Same Structure, Same Structure But Same Structure
Or
Look at the following chart outline:

Noun Noun
Adjective And Adjective
Verb But Verb
Phrases Or Phrases
Clause Clause

Noun Noun Noun

Adjective Adjective And Adjective
Verb , Verb But Verb
Phrases Phrases Or Phrases
Clause Clause Clause
 Example:

• He discussed the problem with the nurse and the doctor

• The Professor was knowledgeable but boring
• She hikes, jogs, or rides her bicycles whenever she can
• You can do the work because you want to do it later or
because you have to do it
Problems in TOEFL Test:

• The evening dress was beauty* but expensive

• The student reads each chapter, takes a lot of notes,
and memories* the material
Exercise. 14

__I_ 1. The pastries in that shop are very expensive but quite deliciously

C 2. You can find some change to buy a paper in the drawer, on top of

the dresser, or in the jar

____ 3. The living room was decorated with expensive paintings and
elegance lamps.

____ 4. He knew that the financial problems were serious, that the situation
was not going to improve, and that he needed to get a job.

____ 5. All day long during the trip to the mountains, they were skiing,
sledding, or played in the snow.
____ 6. The car needs new tires but not a new engine.

____ 7. He stops working when he gets too tired to continue or when he has
finished.

____ 8. To get to the office, you should go through this door, turn to the left,
and continuation down the hall.

____ 9. For dessert we could serve lemon pie, fruit tarts, chocolate cake, or
butter cookies.

____ 10. The sick child needs some medicine, some juice, and to rest.
SKILL 15:

PARALLEL STRUCTURE WITH PAIRED CONJUNCTIONS

Paired conjunctions are:

Not only ………………but also …………

Neither…………………nor …………..……

Either……………………or……………..……

Both…………………….. And……..…………
 noun noun
Not only But also
Noun phrase Noun phrase
Neither Nor
adjective adjective
Either or
Adverb Adverb
Both and
Verb tense Verb tense
Examples:

The lecture was both informative and enjoyable

Either the history exam or the physics exam is on Tuesday.

The missing papers are neither on his desk nor in the file

He visited not only his cousin but also his grandmother.

Problems in TOEFL TEST:

• He lent me both some paper or* a pencil

• Either breakfast nor* lunch is included in the price.

• He doesn’t only get the highest score and also* became the student

• Neither the doctor nor the nursing* have no time to do the surgery.

• They like both playing football and do weight training*.

 Exercise. 15

I 1. He either lied or telling an unbelievable story

C 2. The music at the concert was neither well played nor well liked.

_____ 3. He regularly studies both in the morning or in the evening.

_____ 4. The play that we saw last night was not only rather delightful but also quite meaningful.

_____ 5. He married her neither for her ability to cook nor her ability to clean house.

_____ 6. The discussion was both exciting and interest.

_____ 7. He withdrew all the money not only from the checking account but also from the
savings account.

_____ 8. Neither the teacher or the students are ready to leave the classroom.

_____ 9. You can meet with me either in the next few minutes or at 4:00.

_____ 10. John is an adventurous person who enjoys not only skydiving but also goes parasailing.
TOEFL Exercise (Skill 14- 15)

_____1. Ballpoint pens are less versatile but more population than fountain pens
A B C D

_____ 2. Riddles vary greatly in both grammatical and phonology form

A B C D

_____ 3. Blood pressure is measured by feeling the pulse and apply a force to the arm.
A B C D

_____ 4. The Moon has no atmosphere, no air, and no watery

A B C D

_____ 5. The first matches were too hard to ignite, a mess or too dangerously easy to ignite.
A B C D
______6 . A 1971 U.S. government policy not only put warnings on cigarette packs but
A B
also banning television advertising of cigarettes.
C D

_____ 7. Demand beauty, durability, rare, and perfection of cutting determine the value of a gemstone.
A B C D

_____ 8. The Harvard Yard, which was Harvard’s original campus, is still a major attraction for both
A B C

students and visiting

D

_____ 9. In 1862, the American Confederacy raised the Merrimack, renamed it the Virginia, covered it
A B
with iron plates and an outfit it with ten guns.
C D

_____ 10. The liquid crystals in a liquid crystal display (LCD) affect the polarized light so that it is
A B C

either blocked and reflected by the segments of the display.

D