- Safe design begins at the concept

development phase of a structure when

you’re making decision about:
• The design and its intended purpose
• Materials to be use
• Possible methods of construction,
maintenance, operation, demolition or
dismantling and disposal.
• What legislation, codes of practice and
standards need to be considered and
complied with.
Designers need to consider how safety can
be achieved in each of the lifecycle phases.
For Example :

 Designing a machine with protective

guarding that will allow it to be operated
safely, while also ensuring it can be
installed, maintained and disposed of
safely
 Designing a building with a lift for
occupants where the design also includes
sufficient space and safe access to the lift
well or machine room for maintenance
work.
 Principle 1
Person with control those who make decision affecting
the design of products, facilities or processes are able to
promote and safety at the source.
 Principle 2
Product lifecycle safe design applies to every stage
in the lifecycle from conception through to disposal. It
involves eliminating hazards or minimizing risks as early in
the lifecycle as possible.
 Principle 3
Systematic risk management apply hazard
identification, risk assessment and risk control processes
to achieve safe design.
 Principle 4

Safe design knowledge and capability should be

either demonstrated or acquired by those who control
the design.
 Principle 5

Information transfer effective communication and

documentation of design and risk control information
amongst everyone involved in the phases of the lifecycle
is essential for safe design approach.
 Mechanical Behavior includes statics, dynamics,
strength of materials, vibrations, reliability, and fatigue.

 Machine Elements are basic mechanical parts of

machines. They includes gears, bearing, fasteners,
springs, seals, couplings and so forth.

 Manufacturing processes includes areas such as

computerized machine control, engineering statistics,
quality control, ergonomics, and lifecycle analysis.
 When it comes to achieving safe design, responsibility
rests with those groups or individual who control or manage
design functions includes such as:

 Architects, industrial designers or draftspersons who carry

out the design on behalf of a client.
 Individuals who make design decisions during any of the life
cycle phases such as engineers, manufacturers, suppliers,
installers, builders, project managers, and WHS professionals.
 Anyone who alters a design.
 Building a service designers or others designing fixed plant
such as ventilation and electrical systems.
 Buyers who specify the characteristics of products and
materials such as masonry blocks and be default the weights
bricklayers mush handle.
 Safe design incorporates ergonomics
principle as well good work design.

 Good work design helps ensure workplace hazard

and risks are eliminated or minimized so all workers
remain healthy and safe at work. It can involve the
design of work, workstations, operational procedures,
computer systems or manufacturing processes.
 A safer product will be created if the hazards and risks
that could impact on downstream users in the lifecycle are
eliminated or controlled during design, manufacture or
construction. In these early phases, there is greater scope to
design- out hazards and/or incorporate risk control measures
that are compatible with the original design concept and
functional requirements of the product.
Designers must have a good understanding about
lifecycle of the item they are designing, including the needs of
users and the environment in which that item may be used.
Safety can be further improved if each person who has
control over actions taken in any of the lifecycle phases takes
steps to ensure health and safety is pro-actively addressed, by
reviewing the design and checking it meets safety standards
in each of the lifecycle phases.
 It is estimated that inherently safe plant and equipment
would save between 5–10% of their cost through reductions in
inventories of hazardous materials, reduced need for protective
equipment and the reduced costs of testing and maintaining the
equipment.

The direct costs associated with unsafe design can be

significant, for example retrofitting, workers’ compensation and
insurance levies, environmental clean-up and negligence claims.
Since these costs impact more on parties downstream in the lifecycle
who buy and use the product, the incentive for these parties to
influence and benefit from safe design is also greater.
A safe design approach results in many benefits
including:
 prevent injury and disease
 improve usability of products, systems and facilities
 improve productivity
 reduce costs
 better predict and manage production and
operational costs over the lifecycle of a product
 comply with legislation
 innovate, in that safe design demands new thinking.