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Introduction.
Salient Features.
Impediments to Silicon Design.
Graphene in Electronics.
Current Prototypes Of Graphene.
What to expect from Graphene -Major Applications
Conclusion.
References.
Introducti
on
Graphene is an Allotrope of Carbon.
Andre Geim and Konstanstin Novoslev won 2010
Physics Nobel prize for “Groundbreaking
Experiments with 2D material Graphene”.
Researches are testing various prototypes of
Graphene which could replace Silicon based devices.
Graphene could possibly replace or enhance current
Silicon based devices.
Salient
Features
Thinnest imaginable material.
Largest surface area(~3,000 m2 per gram).
Strongest material ever measured(theoretical limit).
Stiffest know material(stiffer than diamond)
Most stretchable & pliable crystal(up to 20% elastically)
Record thermal conductivity(outperforming diamond).
Highest current density at room temp(million times of
Cu)
Completely impermeable (even He atoms cannot
squeeze through)
Highest intrinsic mobility(100 times of Si)
Lightest charge carriers(zero rest mass)
Longest mean free path at room T (micron range).
Impediments to Silicon Design
• Graphene is an uniform
structure with no Band Gap.
• Band Gap can be induced by
layers of Graphene sheets or
application of external
electrical field.
• Electron mobility is 2500
cm^2/s, which is around 100
times faster than Silicon.
• Graphene has great
strength and is invisible.
• It is Photosensitive.
Current Prototypes Of Graphene
Schematics of different graphene MOSFET types: back-gated MOSFET (left); top-gated MOSFET with a
channel of exfoliated graphene or of graphene grown on metal and transferred to a SiO2-covered Si wafer
(middle); top-gated MOSFET with an epitaxial-graphene channel (right). The channel shown in red can
consist of either large-area graphene or graphenenanoribbons
Characteristics of
GMOSFET’s
• The laser-scribed graphene (LSG) is peeled off and placed on a flexible substrate,
and then cut into slices to become the electrodes.
• We have seen that high energy photons are converted into a larger number of
excited electrons than low energy photons.
• The large scale production of highly transparent graphene films by chemical vapour
deposition.