16

TENSES

BY: SAYYA PHITHANARIO

ENGLISH FOR TOURISM AND HOTEL

 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang menjadi kebiasaan ataupun menyatakan
kebenaran umum”

A. NOMINAL
I + am + non verb (+)
I + am + not + Non Verb
Am + I + Non Verb ? (?)

You / We / They + are + non verb (+)

You / We / They + are + not + Non Verb (-)
Are + You / We / They + Non Verb ?

He / She / It + is + non verb (+)

He / She / It + is + not + Non Verb (-)
Is + He / She / It + Non Verb ?
 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang menjadi kebiasaan ataupun menyatakan
kebenaran umum”

B. VERBAL
I / You / We / They + Verb - 1 + C (+)
I / You / We / They + do + not + Verb - 1 + C (-)
Do + I / You / We / They + Verb - 1 + C ?

He / She / It + Verb-1 (s/es) + C (+)

He / She / It + does + not + Verb-1 + C (-)
Does + He / She / It + Verb-1 + C ?

SHOW EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) I am a teacher
(-) I am not a teacher
(?) Am I a teacher ?

B. VERBAL
(+) I drink tea every morning
(-) I do not drink tea every morning
(?) Does she drink tea every morning ?
 PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung disaat kita sedang berbicara /
sekarang”
A. VERBAL
I + am + Verb-ing + C (+)
I + am + not + Verb-ing + C (-)
Am + I + Verb-ing + C ? (?)

You / We / They + are + Verb-ing + C (+)

You / We / They + are + not + Verb-ing + C (-)
Are + You / We / They + Verb-ing + C ? (?)

He / She / It + is + Verb-ing + C (+)

He / She / It + is + not + Verb-ing + C (-)
Is + He / She / It + Verb-ing + C ? (?)
SHOW EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
A. VERBAL
(+) They are singing at this moment
(-) You are not working right now
(?) Is your mother cooking now ?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah selesai dilakukan pada saat
sekarang”

A. NOMINAL
If / You / We / They + have + been + Non Verb (+)
If / You / We / They + have + not + been + Non Verb (-)
Have + If / You / We / They + been + Non Verb (?)

He / She / It + has + been + Non verb (+)

He / She / It + has + not + been + Non verb (-)
Has + He / She / It + been + Non verb (?)
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah selesai dilakukan pada saat
sekarang”

A. VERBAL
I / You / We / They + have + Verb - 3 + C (+)
I / You / We / They + have + not + Verb - 3 + C (-)
Have + I / You / We / They + Verb - 3 + C ? (?)

He / She / It + has + Verb - 3 + C (+)

He / She / It + has + not + Verb - 3 + C (-)
Has + He / She / It + Verb - 3 + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) He has been in London for two years
(-) He has not been in London for two years
(?) Has he been in London for two years ?
B. VERBAL
(+) My uncle has left to Singapore
(-) My parents have not slept
(?) Have you eaten dinner ?
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS
TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah sedang berlangsung di masa lampau dan
masih berlanjut sampai masa sekarang”

A. VERBAL
I / You / We / They + have + been + Verb-ing + C (+)
I / You / We / They + have + not + been + Verb-ing + C (-)
Have + I / You / We / They + been + Verb-ing + C ? (?)

He / She / It + has + been + Verb-ing + C (+)

He / She / It + has + been + not + Verb-ing + C (-)
Has + He / She / It + been + Verb-ing + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
A. VERBAL
(+) He has been studying here since last month
(-) He has not been studying here since last month
(?) Has he been studying here since last month ?
 SIMPLE PAST TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang selesai dilakukan pada masa lampau”

A. NOMINAL
I / He / She / It + was + Non Verb (+)
I / He / She / It + was + not + Non Verb (-)
Was + I / He / She / It + Non Verb ? (?)

You / We / They + were + Non verb (+)

You / We / They + were + not + Non verb (-)
Were + You / We / They + Non Verb ? (?)
 SIMPLE PAST TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang selesai dilakukan pada masa lampau”

A. VERBAL

Subject + Verb - 2 + C (+)

Subject + did + not + Verb - 1 + C (-)
Did + subject + Verb - 1 + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) We were at home last night
(-) We were not at home last night
(?) Were you here yesterday ?
B. VERBAL
(+) They went to Japan last month
(-) I did not drink coffee last night
(?) Did John come last morning ?
 PAST CONTINOUS TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung dimasa lampau”

A. VERBAL
I / He / She / It + was + Verb - ing + C (+)
I / He / She / It + was + not + Verb - ing + C (-)
Was + I / He / She / It + Verb - ing + C ? (?)

You / We / They + were + Verb - ing + C (+)

You / We / They + were + not + Verb - ing + C (-)
Were + You / We / They + Verb - ing + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. VERBAL
(+) They were watching TV when I arrived home last night
(-) They were not watching TV when I arrived home last night
(?) Were they watching TV when I arrived home last night ?
 PAST PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah selesai sebelum suatu perbuatan
lain dilakukan pada masa lampau”

A. NOMINAL
Subject + had + been + Non Verb (+)
Subject + had + not + been + Non Verb (-)
Had + subject + been + Non Verb ? (?)
 PAST PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah selesai sebelum suatu perbuatan
lain dilakukan pada masa lampau”

B. VERBAL
Subject + had + Verb - 3 + C (+)
Subject + had + not + Verb - 3 + C (-)
Had + subject + Verb - 3 + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) I had been here before she arrived
(-) She had not been studying in that school when I graduated last year
(?) Had Marry been living in Jakarta when we visited her last month ?

B. VERBAL
(+) I had eaten dinner before uncle John came
(-) Jack had not slept when I visited him last night
(?) Had your parents eaten dinner when you arrived home last night ?
 PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS
TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah dimulai dan masih berlangsung di waktu
lampau”

A. VERBAL
Subject + had + been + Verb-ing + C (+)
Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing + C (-)
Had + subject + been + Verb-ing + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. VERBAL
(+) I had been living here for two years when they came
(-) She had not been studying in that school when I graduated last year
(?) Had Marry been living in Jakarta when we visited her last month ?
 SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada masa yang akan datang
namun keputusan ditentukan pada masa sekarang”

A. NOMINAL
Subject + will / shall + be + Non Verb (+)
Subject + will / shall + not + be + Non Verb (-)
Will / shall + subject + be + Non Verb (?)
 SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada masa yang akan datang
namun keputusan ditentukan pada masa sekarang”

A. VERBAL
Subject + will / shall + Verb-1 + C (+)
Subject + will / shall + not + Verb - 1 + C (-)
Will / shall + subject + Verb-1 + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) I shall be at home tomorrow
(-) They will not be happy tonight
(?) Will they be happy tomorrow ?

B. VERBAL
(+) We shall go to Bali next weekend
(-) Susi will not come here tomorrow
(?) Will Susi come here tomorrow ?
 FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan sedang berlangsung pada waktu tertentu di
masa yang akan datang ketika kejadian lain sedang berlangsung”

A. VERBAL
Subject + will / shall + be + Verb -1 + ing + C (+)
Subject + will / shall + not + be + Verb -1 + ing + C (-)
Will / shall + subject + be + Verb -1 + ing + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. VERBAL
(+) I shall be studying if you come to my house at seven o'clock tonight
(-) Susi will not be working if we visit her this Sunday morning
(?) Will your parents be sleeping if I visit you at ten o'clock tonight ?
 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah selesai dilakukan pada waktu tertentu di
masa yang akan datang”

A. NOMINAL
Subject + will / shall + have + been + non verb (+)
Subject + will / shall + not + have + been + non verb (-)
Will / shall + subject + have + been + non verb ? (?)
 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah selesai dilakukan pada waktu
tertentu di masa yang akan datang”

A. VERBAL
Subject + will / shall + have + Verb - 3 + C (+)
Subject + will / shall + not + have + Verb - 3 + C (-)
Will / shall + subject + have + Verb - 3 + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) I shall have been a doctor by next year
(-) She will not have been busy at seven o'clock tomorrow morning
(?) Will you have been there by 4 p.m today ?

B. VERBAL
(+) I shall have finished my work by ten o'clock tomorrow morning
(-) Thomas will not have spoken English well by the end of this month
(?) Will your sister have graduated from primary school by the end of this year ?
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINOUS
TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah sedang dilakukan pada suatu saat di masa
yang akan pada saat kejadian lain terjadi”

A. VERBAL
Subject + will / shall + have + been + Verb - ing (+)
Subject + will / shall + not + have + been + Verb – ing (-)
Will / shall + subject + have + been + Verb - ing ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. VERBAL
(+) I shall have been studying for two hours when you come tonight
(-) I shall not have been studying for two hours when you come tonight
(?) Will she have been living here for five years by next July ?
 FUTURE PAST TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada masa lampau perbuatan
tersebut sudah direncanakan namun sering kali tidak terlaksana”

A. NOMINAL
Subject + would / should + be + non verb (+)
Subject + would / should + not + be + non verb (-)
Would / should + subject + be + non verb ? (?)
 FUTURE PAST TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada masa lampau perbuatan
tersebut sudah direncanakan namun sering kali tidak terlaksana”

B. VERBAL
Subject + would / should + Verb - 1 + C (+)
Subject + would / should + not + Verb - 1 + C (-)
Would / should + subject + Verb - 1 + C ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) You would be rich if you worked hard
(-) I should not be at home
(?) Would you be rich if you worked hard ?

B. VERBAL
(+) I should go to the party last night but it was raining
(-) They would not go to there yesterday
(?) Would you take me to the party last night ?
 FUTURE PAST CONTINOUS
TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan sedang berlangsung pada masa lampau, namun
karena sesuatu dan lain hal maka perbuatan tersebut tidak jadi dilaksanakan”

A. VERBAL
Subject + would / should + be + Verb-ing (+)
Subject + would / should + not + be + Verb – ing (-)
Would / should + Subject + be + Verb-ing ? (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
(+) We should be studying English in Genius by 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon
(-) Mr. Eric would not be teaching us English on Monday last week
– (?) Would Jessica be singing with you last Saturday night ?
FUTURE PAST PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan telah selesai di masa lampau atau menyatakan
pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya sudah pasti tidak akan
terpenuhi”

A. NOMINAL
Subject + would / should + have + been + non verb (+)
Subject + would / should + not + have + been + non verb (-)
Would / should + subject + have + been + non verb ? (-)
FUTURE PAST PERFECT TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang akan telah selesai di masa lampau atau menyatakan
pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya sudah pasti tidak akan
terpenuhi”

B. VERBAL
Subject + would / should + have + Verb – 3 (+)
Subject + would / should + not + have + Verb-3 (-)
Would / should + subject + have + Verb - 3 ? (-)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
A. NOMINAL
(+) You would have been a doctor if you had studied hard
(-) I should not have been happy if I had not married her
(?) Would you have been rich if you had worked hard ?

B. VERBAL
(+) We should have understood English if we had practiced a lot
(-) He would not have come if you had not invited him
(?) Would I have graduated if I had studied hard ?
 FUTURE PAST PERFECT
CONTINOUS TENSE
“Menyatakan perbuatan yang seharusnya sudah sedang berlangsung pada suatu waktu
tertentu di masa lampau”

A. VERBAL
Subject + would / should + have + been + Verb – ing (+)
Subject + would / should + not + have + been + Verb – ing (-)
Would / should + subject + have + been + Verb – ing (?)

SHOW EXAMPLES
 EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
(+) I should have been studying English in Genius for three years by last July
(-) Mrs. Mega would not have been teaching you for six months by last month
(?) Would they have been studying here for two years by last week ?
THANK YOU SO MUCH
FOR THE ATTENTION 

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