CARDIORESPIRATORY

ENDURANCE
ROMUELLE BARBADO
BS- PHARMACY-1 BLK. 2
CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE
THE ABILITY OF THE BODY TO PERFORM
PROLONGED, LARGE-MUSCLE, DYNAMIC
EXERCISE AT MODERATE-TO-HIGH LEVELS OF
INTENSITY
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM

PULMONARY CIRCULATION

-part of circulatory system

that moves blood between
the heart and lungs
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM

SYSTEMATIC CIRCULATION

-part of circulatory system

that moves blood between
the heart and body
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM

VENAE CAVAE

-large veins that carries blood

to the right atrium of the
heart

For deoxygenated blood.

 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM

ATRIA
-receive blood returning to
the heart from the body and
ventricles pump blood from
the heart to the body

For deoxygenated blood.

 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM

VENTRICLE
-A ventricle is one of two large
chambers toward the bottom of
the heart that collect and expel
blood received from an atrium
towards the peripheral beds
within the body and lungs.
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
AORTA

-main artery that carries blood

away from your heart to the rest
of your body.
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SYSTOLE

-period of contraction of the

ventricles of the heart that occurs
between the first and second
heart sounds of the cardiac cycle
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
DIASTOLE

-phase of the heartbeat when

the heart muscle relaxes and
allows the chambers to fill with
blood.
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
BLOOD PRESSURE

- the pressure of circulating

blood on the walls of blood
vessels. Most of this pressure is
due to work done by the heart
by pumping blood through the
circulatory system.
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
VEINS
- are blood vessels that carry
blood towards the heart.
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
ARTERIES
- are the blood vessels that
deliver oxygen-rich blood from
the heart to the tissues of the
body.
 BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
CAPILLARIES

- fine branching blood vessels

that form a network
 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
It is responsible for supplying oxygen to
the body and also carries off carbon dioxide as a
waste and helps regulate acid produced during
metabolism.
Cardiorespiratory system at rest.
Heart rate 50-90 beats per minute

Respiratory rate 12-20 breaths per minute

Blood pressure 120 systolic, 80 diastolic

(120/80)
 When exercising…
Heart rate (stroke 170-210 beats per minute
volume increases)
Respiratory rate ( 40-60 breaths per minute

Blood pressure 175 systolic, 65 diastolic

(175/65)
 Energy Production: METABOLISM
METABOLISM
- Over-all chemical processes in the body

METABOLIC RATE
- Rate at which body uses energy
 ENERGY FROM FOOD
Glucose from CHO, CHONS, CHO.

-also called blood sugar

-main source of energy for animals
- Can be converted into glycogen that is stored
in liver, muscles and kidneys.
 Adenosine Triphosphate
ATP is the energy used by cells.

Since exercising requires lots of energy, cells

need to produce more energy resulting into
utulization of stored energy.
Exercise and 3 energy systems(ATP)
IMMEDIATE ENERGY SYSTEM (EXPLOSIVE
ENERGY) – 10 or lesser seconds
-is the system the body uses to
generate immediate energy.
FOR WEIGHTLIFTING AND SHOT-PUTTING
Exercise and 3 energy systems(ATP)
NONOXIDATIVE ENERGY SYSTEM “anaerobic”
-does not require oxygen to generate ATP
-the cells where the ATP is produced require
glucose(carbohydrates that have been broken
down) as the fuel source.
-Like the immediate energy system, this system is
associated with high intensity and short duration
movements.
Exercise and 3 energy systems(ATP)
OXIDATIVE ENERGY SYSTEM “aerobic”
-Oxidative energy production is the primary
means of ATP production during rest and for
activities that last for 2 minutes or longer.
 THE ENERGY SYSTEMS IN
COMBINATION
Example.

In tennis, we use immediate energy when hitting

the ball then the energy lost will be replenished by
the oxidative and non-oxidative systems.
 BENEFITS OF
CARDIORESPIRATORY
EXERCISE
• IMPROVE CARDIORESPIRATORY
FUNCTIONING
• IMPROVED CELLULAR METABOLISM
 BENEFITS OF EXERCISE IN OLDER
ADULTS
REDUCED RISK OF CHRONIC DISEASE SUCH AS:
• CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASES
• TYPE 2 DIABETES
• OSTEOPOROSIS
• DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES
 BENEFITS OF EXERCISE IN OLDER
ADULTS
BETTER CONTROL OF FAT

IMPROVED IMMUNE FUNCTION

BENEFIT OF EXERCISE IN THE MIND
• REDUCED ANXIETY
• REDUCED DEPRESSION AND IMPROVED MOOD
• IMPROVED SLEEP
• REDUCED STRESS
• ENHANCED SELF-ESTEEM
• ENHANCED CREATIVITY
• IMPROVED WORK PRODUCTIVITY
• INCREASED OPPORTUNITIES FOR SOCIAL
INTERACTIONS
ASSESMENT OF CARDIO RESPIRATORY
ENDURANCE
• 1 MILE WALK TEST
• 3-MINUTE STEP TEST
• 1.5 MILE RUN WALK TEST

• AFTER DOING SUCH TESTS, MONITOR THE

HEART RATE BEATS/MINUTE
 HEART RATE MONITORS
• WEARABLES
• MONITORS IN GYM EQUIPMENTS
ADVANTAGE
• EASY TO USE
• ACCURATE
• CONVENIENT
 FITT EQUATION TO DEVELOP CARDIO
RESPIRATORY ENDURANCE
• FREQUENCY (3-5 DAYS PER WEEK)
• INTENSITY- TARGET HEART RATE ZONE (65%-
90% OF MAX. HR)
• TIME( DURATION) -20-60 MIN
• TYPE OF ACTIVITY
 WARMING-UP AND COOLING DOWN
• WARM-UP HELPS PREPARE THE MUSCLES FOR
THE ACTIVITY ALSO IT HELPS ON SPREADING THE
SYNOVIAL FLUID ON THE JOINTS TO PREVENT
INJURY.
• COOL-DOWN HELPS RETURN THE BODY TO ITS
NORMAL STATE TO PREVENT SUDEN DROP OF
BLOOD PRESSURE WHICH MAY CAUSE DIZZINESS
ETC.
 MAINTAINING CARDIORESPIRATORY
FITNESS
EXERCISING FOR 3 NONCONSECUTIVE DAYS PER
WEEK IS REQUIRED IN MAINTAINING
CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS.
 HOT WEATHER AND HEAT STRESS

• DEHYDRATION – sweating can cause

dehydration when fluids are not
replaced
– Electrolytes (Na, K)- they help on
maintaining the fluid in the body
 HOT WEATHER AND HEAT STRESS

• HEAT CRAMPS – involuntary cramping and

spasms of muscles during exercise
– Caused by loss of Na and K
 HOT WEATHER AND HEAT STRESS

• HEAT EXHAUSTION – insufficient amount of

blood is returned to the heart due to excessive
exercise on muscles
 HOT WEATHER AND HEAT STRESS
• HEAT STROKE – failure of brain’s regulation of
temperature
– Body does not sweat enough
– Hot flushed skin
– Chills, high or low BP
– Confusions and convulsions
THANK YOU!