Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
High External
Individual
Behavior Consensus
Low Internal
High Internal
Consistency
Low External
Observation Attribution
Interpretation
Cause
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency to
underestimate the influence of
external factors and
overestimate the influence of
internal factors when making
judgments about the behavior
of others.
Shortcuts Frequently Used
in Judging Others
Self-serving bias
A general
impression of an
individual based on a
single characteristic.
Implications for Managers
Managers need to recognize that
their employees react to perceptions,
not to reality. So whether a
manager’s appraisal of an employee
is actually objective and unbiased or
whether the organization’s wage
levels are actually among the highest
in the industry is less relevant than
what employees perceive them to be.
If individuals perceive
appraisals to be biased or wage
levels as low, they’ll behave as if
those conditions actually exist.
Employees organize and
interpret what they see, so there
is always the potential for
perceptual distortion.
The message to
managers should be clear:
Pay close attention to how
employees perceive both
their jobs and management
practices.
Remember, the valuable
employee who quits because
of an inaccurate perception is
just as great a loss to an
organization as the valuable
employee who quits for a valid
reason.