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RIZALIST
Claiming Jose Rizal as the second son of God and are
reincarnation of Christ
Most members are those who are poor, possessed and who feel
alienated from the Catholic Church.
Claim that one can find salvation and heaven by joining.
E. VISUAL ARTS
Filipinos began creating paintings in the European
tradition during 17th century Spanish period.
The earliest of the paintings were church frescoes,
religious imagery, sculptures and lithographs featuring
Christian icons.
between 19th and 20th century paintings was
produced for religious, political and landscape works
with qualities of sweetness, dark and light.
ARTHUR HANSEN - “ Ama ng Makabayang Pintor” who
uses his hair as paint brush and signs his painting using
his own blood. He develop his skills without any training
and guidance from professionals.
It has been proven that by 5000 BC, the making of pottery was practiced
through the archipelago.
Early Philippine painting can be found in red slip ( clay mixed with water)
designs embellished on the ritual pottery of the Philippines like the:
Manunggul Jar
Found in Sanga – Sanga Cave, Sulu and Cagayan’s Laurente Cave
Further evidence of painting manifest in the tattoo tradition of early Filipinos called
Pintados or the painted people of the Visayans.
Various designs referencing flora and fauna with heavenly bodies decorate their
bodies in various colored pigmentation.
POSTER ART
New and important vehicle for modern indigenous art.
Convey powerful messages about important issues
I. PERFORMING ARTS
DANCES
Panderetas
Carinosa
Tinikling
Singkil
MUSIC
The early music is a mixture of indigenous, Islamic and a variety
of Asian sounds during European and American colonization in
the 16th and 20th century.
Spanish settlers and Filipinos played instruments such as flutes,
guitar, ukulele, violin, trumpets and drums.
Songs and dances were performed during festive occasions.
Folk songs and dances were performed by the groups: the
bayanihan, Filipinescas, Barangay- Barrio, Hariraya, and Fort
Santiago Theatres.
Filipino composers are Antonio Molina and Felipe De Leon
Modern music uses genres like rock, hip hop, and others.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DANCE MUSIC
LANGKA-BALUAG – performed KUNDIMAN – sung by women
by male dancers as angry and talks about being heart
monkeys broken
BEVERAGES CONDIMENTS
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Historians say that 80% of the Philippine cuisine originated from Spanish dishes like
Adobo (Spanish term for sauce)
Almon Bigas
Old tagalog dish that combines the secret food preparations of the Chinese,
Spaniards and Tagalogs
CHINESE
Hopia – Rice Cake
AMERICAN
Introduced fast food chains
Other dishes:
Daing
Nilagang baka
Tinola
Pinakbet
M. EDUCATION
Influenced by Western and Eastern ideology and philosophy from US, spain
and its neighboring Asian countries.
Nursery school to Kindergarten (4-5 yrs. Old)
Elementary School (enters at 7 yrs. Old) - 6-9 yrs. Including grade 7 to 10 as
junior high school
Senior High School ( 2 year course) – preparation for college with chosen
track such as ABM, STEM, HUMMSS and TECH-VOC
College – students can make a choice to continue in college (3 to 5 yrs.) or
start working.
Other type of schools: preparatory schools, international schools, laboratory
schools, science high schools and catholic schools.
School year starts in June and ends on March, 2 month summer break from
April to May, 2 week semestral break in October, Christmas and new year
holidays.
Some universities have copied Westernized academic calendar and now
start the school year in August
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
AMERICAN COLONIZATION
English was introduced as the primary language of institution
and a system of public education was first established.
UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Chartered on 1908, representing the first comprehensive public
university in the nation’s history
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Institutions that offers technical and vocational and practical
arts
Programs offered vary in duration from a few weeks to 2 year
course.
N. SPORTS
The Palarong Pambansa, a national sports festival started on 1948 but
became known on 1976. It serves as National Olympic Games for students.
The year 2002 event included football, golf, archery, badminton, baseball,
chess, gymnastic, tennis, softball, swimming, table tennis, taekwondo, track
and field and volleyball.
Arnis is a martial art which is the national sport of the philippines.
Most popular sports: horse racing, sepak takraw, dodgeball and
cockfighting
The Philippine National Basketball Team is a powerhouse in Asia and
has the best performance of all Asian teams in the Olympics and
the FIBA World Cup
Filipinos have gained international success in sports mainly in:
BOXING: Manny Pacquiao, Flash Elorde and Francisco Guilledo
BASKETBALL: Carlos Loyzaga, Robert Jaworski and Ramon
Fernandez
FOOTBALL: Paulino Alcantara
BILLIARDS: Efren Reyes and Francisco Bustamante
TENPIN BOWLING: Rafael Nepomuceno
CHESS: Eugene Torre and Renato Naranja
MMA: Mark Munoz
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
PALARONG PAMBANSA
First called as Bureau of Public Schools-Interscholastic Athletics
Association (BPSIAA) and changed as Palarong Pambansa on 1948.
One of its objectives is to promote the spirit of discipline, teamwork,
excellence, fair play, solidarity, sportsmanship, and other values
inherent to sports.
OTHER SPORTS
SIKARAN – A form of kick boxing which utilizes only the feet and hands
are only used for blocking.
DUMOG – A Filipino style for wrestling while standing upwright
TRIVIA
One of the greatest Filipino tennis player of all time, Felicisimo Ampon
with 4’11, shortest ever male competitor
O. TRADITIONAL FILIPINO
GAMES
LUKSONG TINIK YOYO PATINTERO
SUNGKA BAHAY KUBO TONG-ITS
PIKO PUSOY
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Games commonly played by children usually using native materials
or instruments
Due to limited resources of toys, they usually invent games without
the need of anything but the players themselves.
Laro ng Lahi was coined and popularized by the Samahang
Makasining with the help of National Commision for Culture and Arts
OTHER TRADITIONAL GAMES
Syatong, Dama, Lusalos, Holen, Tumbag Preso, Turumpo,and Sipa
One of the main reason why some children stop playing Filipino
games is because of western sports activities (basketball and
volleyball) are more prominent organized by local Barangays and in
Schools.
P. INDIGENOUS GROUP
Consist of a large number of
Austronesian ethnic groups
They are the descendants of the
original Austronesian inhabitants of
the Philippines, that settled thousand
years ago.
IGOROT
(HIGHLAND PEOPLE)
A primitive ethnic group
ranged from various groups , a
group that includes Bontoc,
Ibaloi, Ifugao, Isneg, Kalinga
and Kankanaey who built the
rice terraces.
Displayed a variety of native
cultural expressions and artistic
skills in production of bowls,
baskets, clothing and
weapons.
LUMAD
People of the
highlands of
Mindanao
Remained isolated
from Western and
eastern influences
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Philippines is culturally diverse country with an estimated 14-17 million
belonging to no ethno linguistic groups
CAR (33%), Visayas (6%), Mindanao (61%)
Some remain the most poor, least privileged and hindered members
of society and not affected by Spanish and American colonization
OTHER INDIGENOUS GROUPS
BADJAO – Known as the sea tribes
ATI AND TUMANDOK – From Panay Island and still carry animistic beliefs
and rituals
AETAS/AGTA/AYTA – Earliest known habitants of the country which are
nomadic and called by the Spanish “Negritos”
INDIGENOUS RELIGIONS OR
SHAMANISM
Due to arrival of Christianity, Islam and other world religions, the
indigenous rituals and spiritual practices are fast disappearing.
Cultural workers suggest the Paiwan Model, which are made by
Taiwanese government to preserve indigenous religions.
The indigenous practices and shamanism of the Paiwan people of
Taiwan was the fastest declining religion in the country.
Each indigenous religions is distinct from each other, possessing
unique epics and belief system
SHAMANISM / DAYAWISM
Gallant religions
that give thanks to
all living and non-
living things.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
They have regular sacrifices and prayers offered to calm deities and
spirits
They are benevolent and some are malevolent
Wood and metal images represented ancestral spirits, and no
distinction was made between the spirits and their physical symbol.
Reward or punishment after death was dependent upon behavior
in this life
PAG-IPAT - when a family member is ill, the belief is that ancestral
spirit (tinungunan) has caused disease. the ritual can last from a
day to several days performed by a folk healer.
SHAMAN/PRIEST
Had the ability to develop anting-anting
INTANGIBLE CULTURAL
HERITAGE
Philippines was invited by UNESCO to nominate intangible heritage
elements for the inclusion to the proclamation of Masterpieces of
the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
This prompted the proclamation of the Hudhud Chant of Ifugao
(2001) and Darangen Epic Chants of Maranao (2005)
“Punnuk”, tugging ritual of Ifugao was included (2015)
The Pinagmulan was published on 2012
2016, The Philippine Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage (PIICH)
LISTED 367 elements
Between 2015 and 2017, UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural
Heritage Center Courier of Asia and the Pacific featured:
Darangen Epic Chant
Punnuk Tuggig Ritual
Traditional healing practices (Manghihilot, Albularyo and
belief of Buhay na Tubig)
Quezon city’s Baglan and Mandadawak
Stone beliefs of the Itneg
Mantatawak of Tagalog
The Buklog of the Subanen people was nominated by the
National Commission for Culture and Arts in the list for
urgent safeguarding.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
These are oral traditions, expressions, social practices, performing
arts, rituals, knowledge and practices concerning nature and
universe.
Some elements in the initial inventory include:
INDARAPATA – a maranao folk narrative
PECHEN – peace pact of Bontoc
HINALAWOD EPIC – epic of Sulod of Panay
KURATSA – dance of the Waray
AGSANA – salt making of Ilocos Norte
And various agricultural, burial and religious practices and
traditions of the country