Group 6

Momentum is defined as “mass in

motion”. It refers to the amount of
motion that an object has.
Momentum depends on an
object’s mass and velocity;
therefore, it is a product of mass
and velocity.

Momentum= mass . Velocity

p= mv
The unit for momentum is kg. m/s
Recall Newton’s second law of motion.
F net = ma
Because a = v
t
F= m v
t

Ft = m v
Impulse – momentum theory
This implies that any object or
person with momentum is
difficult to stop, you need to
apply a certain amount of
force for a particular time to
stop it.
1.
A Filipino golfer hit a 45-g golf
ball, giving it a speed of 50 m/s.
How much impulse did the golf
ball experience? Suppose the time
of contact between the ball and
the golf club is 0.05 second. How
much force did the golf player
apply to the ball?
Recall that impulse is equal to the
change in momentum.
 Impulse = m v
= m ( vf - vi)
Where vf is the final velocity and vi is
the initial velocity. The golf ball was
initially at rest, so the initial velocity
was zero. This means that the change
in momentum is
Impulse = m ( vf - 0)
Impulse = vf
= (0.045 kg)(50 m/s)
= 2.25 kg . m/s
To compute the applied force recall that
Impulse = Ft
Solving for the force, you now have
F = impulse
t
= 2.25 kg . m/s
0.05 s
= 45 N
2. A hockey player applies a 90-N
force to a 170-g hockey puck in a
span of 0.20 second.
 Determine the impulse
experienced by hockey puck.
 If the hockey puck started at rest,
what is the final velocity? To solve
for impulse, recall that
Impulse= Ft
Substitute the given.
Impulse= (90N)(0.20s)
= 18 N . s
In solving for the final velocity,
recall that
Impulse = m v
= m ( vf – vi)
= m (vf – 0)
=mvf
Solving for vf
Vf = impulse
m
=18 N.s
0.17 kg
= 18 kg . m
s2 s
0.17 kg
= 105. 89 m/s
This states that if there are no
other external forces acting on
the vehicles, then the total
momentum of the system
before and after collision are
equal.
Elastic collision
Kinetic energy is conserved.
Inelastic collision
Kinetic energy is not conserved.

The energy in these types of

collision refers to the total kinetic
energy of all the macroscopic
objects.
Mathematically, the law of
conservation of momentum is
stated as:
P = P’total
total

Where p’ refers to the final total

momentum of all the objects.
Generally the law of
conservation of momentum
is stated as
PA + PB = P’A + P’B
1.A 400-kg truck travels at 15m/s
when it hits a 1200-kg car that was
parked beside the driveway. The
collision causes the car to move at 18
m/s. Compute the velocity of the truck
after the collision.
To solve this problem , you can present
your given in tabular form. Assign
which is object A and which is object
B. In this case, the truck will be object
A, and the car will be object B.
 Before After
mA 4000 kg 4000 kg

VA 15 m/s ?

mB 1200 kg 1200 kg

vB 0 m/s 18 m/s
2. A 750-kg car travels at 25 m/s
behind another car (900 kg) that
travels at 15 m/s. The two cars
collided and were locked together
after the collision. Determine the
velocity of the vehicles after
collision.
In this case, the car behind will be
object A, and the car in front will be
object B
 Before After

mA 750 kg 750 kg

VA 25 m/s ?

mB 900 kg 9200 kg

vB 15 m/s ?
When two vehicles stick together
after collision, there will be more
damage. Some of the kinetic
energy is converted to heat.
The purpose of the car’s bumper is
to lessen the damage from
collision.