STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES

UNDERGROUND STRUCTURE
3. SUBFLOOR SYSTEM
CONVENTIONAL FLAT PLAT SLAB AND BEAM SYSTEM IS USED FOR MOST OF THE UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES. THICK FLOOR SLABS ARE USED TO
A place is defined as underground when it is partly or wholly under the continuous surface of the ground. Underground architecture is the architecture of elimination and of the HOLD THE LOADS FROM THR GROUND SURFACE AND ABOVE FLOORS.
close contact with the earth.

4. BEAMS AND COLUMNS

THICK RCC COLUMNS ARE USED WHICH IS CLAD OR
EXPOSED AS PER AESTHETICS. BEAMS CAN BE
RECTANGULAR OR VIERENDEEL WHICH HELPS IN
SERVICES AND CAN BE CONCEALED

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN
UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES

5. ROOFING IN UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES

TUNNEL HOUSE CONTRUCTION DIFFERENT ROOFING SYSTEMS AND MATERIALS ARE USED. (a) INTENSIVE
GREEN ROOFING (b) GLASS AND SPACE FRAME SYSTEM (c) VAULT SYSTEM
LAYERS AND THICKNESS FOR AN ACCESSIBLE GREEN ROOFING SYSTEM:
COMBINATION
UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES
THESE ARE STRUCTURES BENEATH THE EARTH’S SURFACE. CASE STUDY
WHY GO UNDERGROUND?
MATTER OF SPACE, CRAMPING OF LAND
TRANSIT FACILITIES CAN BE NAVIGATED BETTER
BHARAT BHAVAN,BHOPAL,CHARLES CORREA(1982)
THE CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES ISINCREASINGININDUSTRIALLY DEVELOPED COUNTRIESWHICH RESPONDS TO GREATER TYPOLOGY: PUBLIC BUILDING
ECONOMY IN COMPARISON WITH SURFACE STRUCTURES. FUNCTION: ART GALLERY,CULTURAL CENTRE, RESIDENTIAL PURPOSE
CONCEPT: TRANQUILITY AND RITUALISTIC PATHWAYS
LIGHTING BY SKYLIGHTS, VENTILATION FROM COURTYARDS AND AC DUCTS
COMPONENTS OF UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS USED: BRICK, CONCRETE, STEEL, FIBRE GLASS
LIKE PLANNING,CONSTRUCTIONMETHODS, STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS,THEIRSHORING,WATERPROOFING AND VENTILATIONARE DETERMINED BY TERRAIN: BUILT INTO A HILLSIDE, SLOPING DOWN TOWARDS THE LAKE
THE PURPOSE OF THE STRUCTURE AND ITS CONTEXT.

TYPOLOGIES OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES:TRANSPORTATION HYDRAULIC TUNNEL POWER PLANTS AND WAREHOUSES MUNICIPAL STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS IN BHARAT BHAVAN
INSTALLATIONS – SUBWAYS,UNDERPASSES MIXED USE AND RETAIL STORES CULTURAL CENTERS STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS USED ARE –
1. RCC FRAMED STRUCTURE WITH STONE INFILL WALLS
2. CONCRETE COFFER/ WAFFLE SLAB
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES 3. CONCRETE SHELLS WITH CIRCULAR OPENING AS SKYLIGHT
4. 4. CLADDING – BRICK, RED SANDSTONE
5. SUNKEN COURTYARDS PROVIDE SHADE
1 FOUNDATION 6. RAISED TERRACES OFFER REFRESHING AIR
STEEL PILES, BORED PILES OR RCC DIAPHRAGM WALLS ARE USED DEPENDING ON THE DEPTH OF EXCAVATION, TYPE OF SOIL,
GROUNDWATER PROFILE AND THE TYPE OF STRUCTURE. COMMONLY USED IS THE MAT FOUNDATION.

2 RETAINING WALLS
USED TO HOLD THE SOIL BEHIND, PREVENTS WATER DAMPING ETC. GARDEN SANTA FE, MEXICO, KMD ARCHITECTS
COMMON TYPE OF RETAINING WALL USED IS THE GEOGRID REINFORCEMENT WALLS. THE GEOGRID IS PLACED BETWEEN COURSES OF TYPOLOGY: MIXED USE/RETAIL
BLOCKS IN THE WALL AND ROLLED BACK INTO THE SLOPE OR HILLSIDE DURING INSTALLATION TO CREATE A STRONGER AND MORE STABLE FUNCTION: SHOPPING MALL
SOIL MASS. THICKNESS OF WALL,IF ONE STOREY BELOW GROUND, SHOULD BE ATLEAST 12” THICK. LIGHTING BY GLASS LIGHTWELLS, VENTILATION FROM AC DUCTS
MATERIALS USED: CONCRETE, STEEL, GLASS
LAND ABOVE USAGE: GARDEN, LANDSCAPING
NO.OF STOREYS UNDERGROUND:
STOREYS FOR RETAILS, 3 FOR PARKING

UNDERGROUND STRUCTURE NIVEDITHA J

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