CIRCLES

G E O M E T RY : C I R C L E S A N D R E L AT E D T E R M S
DEFINED
A circle is a set of all points in a plane that are
the same distance from a fixed points called
the center.
 THE OUTSIDE OF THE CIRCLE IS CALLED

circumference

The circumference is the distance around the circle.

 THE LINE DRAWN FROM THE CENTRE TO
THE CIRCUMFERENCE IS …

radius

A radius of a circle is a segment whose endpoints are

the center of the circle and a point on the circle.
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line
segment that passes through the center of the circle and
whose endpoints lie on the circle.
A central angle is an angle formed
by any two distinct radii of a circle.
 An arc is a portion of a circle that consists of two
endpoints are the center of the circle between these two
endpoints

A semicircle is an arc
whose endpoints are the
endpoints of a diameter.
The degree measure of a
semicircle is 180°.

A minor arc is an arc which is less than a semicircle. The

degree measure of a minor arc is the same as the degree
measure of its corresponding central angle.

A major arc is an arc which is more than a semicircle. The

degree measure of the major arc is 360° minus the degree
measure of its corresponding minor arc.
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES:
C
In ⊙ 𝐴, 𝐵𝐷 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 D

∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠.

● A
෣ 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 180°
 𝐵𝐶𝐷
෢ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶𝐷
𝐵𝐶 ෢ 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠. B

෣
𝐶 ෣ 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑗𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠.
𝐷𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐷𝐵𝐶
෢ = 70° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝐷𝐵𝐶
𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 = 70°, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑚𝐶𝐷 ෣ = 360 − 70 = 290°
 ACTIVITY 7
A. In the figure at the right, point C is the center of the circle with 𝐴𝐵
as the diameter. Name the following:

1.Radius - ____,____,____. B

2.Central Angles - _____,_____. C

3.Semicircle - ____,_____. ● D

4.Minor arc - ____,____.

5.Major arc - _____,____. A
 ACTIVITY 8
In ⊙ 𝑅, 𝐾𝑇 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝑆 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠. Determine whether each arc is a
minor arc, a major arc or a semi circle
෣
1. 𝐴 𝐾𝑆 - ________________
෣
2. 𝑇 𝐸𝐴 - ________________ A
෢ - _________________
3. 𝐾𝑆 K
෣
4. 𝐴 𝑆𝐾 - ________________ R
●
5. 𝐾෣𝐴𝑇 - ________________
෢ - _________________
6. 𝐸𝐴 T
෢ - ________________
7. 𝑆𝐸𝐴 S
෢ - ________________
8. 𝑆𝐴𝑇 E
9. 𝑆෢
𝑇 - _________________
෢ - ________________
10. 𝐾𝐸
ACTIVITY 9
In ⊙ 𝑆, 𝐴𝐸 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝑇 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 and
m∠𝑀𝑆𝐴 30°. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒
A

෢ - ______
1. m𝑀𝐴
෢ - ______ M
2. m𝐴𝑇
෢ - ______ S
3. m𝑀𝐸 ●
෢ - ______
4. m𝐸𝑇
෣ - ______
5. m𝑀𝐴𝐸 T

෣ - ______
6. m𝐴𝑇𝑀
E