Understanding Curriculum

Presenter:
CRISANTA B. MONTEJO
 In this chapter, you
should be able to:
1. Define curriculum;

2. Analyze the different types of

curriculum;

3. Discuss different curriculum

foundations;
W I E D U C A T I O N P A
R N F O T F E D U C B A E
I N O I T A U L A V E C S
T E T O M Y H G R Y M O O
T S R L E A R N E D A G P
E T I G C S Q R E E Y N H
N I C S U B J E C T S I A
A N M E T H O D S W E T L
P E N Z Y L O V E X Y I O
A I N T E N D E D N R V O
X Y Z C M O U T H E L E H
C A C A D E M I C A T E C
P G R F L U V Y G R E N S
W I E D U C A T I O N P A
R N F O T F E D U C B A E
I N O I T A U L A V E C S
T E T O M Y H G R Y M O O
T S R L E A R N E D A G P
E T I G C S Q R E E Y N H
N I C S U B J E C T S I A
A N M E T H O D S W E T L
P E N Z Y L O V E X Y I O
A I N T E N D E D N R V O
X Y Z C M O U T H E L E H
C A C A D E M I C A T E C
P G R F L U V Y G R E N S
 CURRICULUM
• Originated in Ancient Rome
and meant a chariot race
course

• Dynamic field in education

• Everything that happens within

the school

• Taught inside and outside of

school
 DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM

Provided by :
• Beauchamp (1982),
• Eisner (1985),
• Glattthorn (2006),
• Marsh (2004)
• Oliva (2005),
• Pinar (1995),
• Posner (1995),
• Reid (2006),
• Saylor (1981) and
• Schubert (1986)
 DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM
1. Curriculum as a list of subjects.
• Suggests that curriculum includes the
“permanent” or the traditional subjects
offered in the school curriculum such as
Mathematics, Language, Science, Music,
Arts, and others.
 DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM
2. Curriculum as learning experiences.
• Includes students’
curricular and co-
curricular activities and
the learning experiences
they encounter inside or
outside the school.
• Includes the hidden
curriculum or those things
learned by students. In
short, curriculum includes
the school culture.
 DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM
3. Curriculum as intended learning outcomes.

• This definition includes list of learning

competencies or standards that students
should learn in school.
 DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM
4. Curriculum as planned learning experiences.

• This definition includes documents

specifying contents, objectives, or general
ideas of what students should know in
schools or in a specific discipline.
 DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM
5. Curriculum as a discipline.

• This definition has its own principles,

theories, and practices.
 DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM
5. Curriculum as content or subject matter.

• This definition views curriculum as a series

of topics under each subject area.
 Different Types of Curriculum
1. Ideal or recommended curriculum.
Refers to what scholars May also develop as an
propose as the most alternative response to
appropriate curriculum various curricular problems
for the learners. and issues. Glatthorn, et al.
(2006) noted several
Professional associations, influences that play key
individuals, & social trends
roles in shaping the
recommended curriculum.

Ex:
Curriculum standards recommended by professional organizations
 Different Types of Curriculum
2. Intended, official or written curriculum.
Refers to the official curriculum embodied in approved
state curriculum guides (Glatthorn, et al. 2006)
It is the curriculum prescribed by the government;
prescribed courses from different agencies.

Ex: scope and sequence charts, syllabus, lesson plan

 Different Types of Curriculum
3. Implemented curriculum.
Refers to the actual Teachers modify and
implementation of the improve their curriculum
curriculum or what based on the needs of the
teachers in the school students or whenever there
teach. are new ideas in various
disciplines that are
important to teach to the
students.

Ex: Planned activities which are put into actions

 Different Types of Curriculum
4. Achieved curriculum or learned curriculum.
Refers to the result of the curriculum or what students
actually learned in school (Print 1993).

Reveals whether the students learned or whether the

schools are successful in attaining their curriculum
goals and objectives.

Ex: Manifested on the objectives; either a cognitive, affective

or psychomotor domain achieved by the students
In short, Test results
 Different Types of Curriculum

5. Tested curriculum.
This is a set of learning that is assessed in
teacher-made classroom tests, curriculum-
referenced tests, and in standardized test.
(Glatthorn et al. 2006)

Ex: Students’ exams Paper and Pencil Test ; oral examination,

performance test
Teachers may used authentic assessment
 Different Types of Curriculum

6. Entitlement curriculum.
This refers to what the people or the general
society believes learners should expect to
learn in the educational system for them to
become good members of the society.

Ex:
 Different Types of Curriculum

7. Supported curriculum.
This refers to the curriculum that is reflected on and
shaped by the resources allocated to support or
deliver the official curriculum. (Glatthorn et al. 2006)

Ex: Textbooks, audio-visual materials (Im’s), blogs, wikis and etc.

Playground, zoos, gardens, museums, real life objects
 Different Types of Curriculum

8. Null or censored curriculum.

This refers to various curriculum contents or topics that
must not be taught to the students.
(Tanner&Tanner 2007)

Ex: Not allowing Sex Education as a subject

 Different Types of Curriculum

9. Hidden Curriculum.
This refers to unintended curriculum which is not
planned but may modify behavior
This refers various skills, knowledge, and attitudes that
students in school learn as a result of their interactions.
Develops school culture (Print, 1993).

Ex: Physical condition, peer influence, teacher-learner interaction

 References
• Pawilen, G. (2016). Curriculum Development A
guide for Teachers and Students.Pages1-12
• https://socioed.wordpress.com/2016/10/16/1
15-curriculum-organization-censored-
curriculum/