Introduction to Textile

Engineering

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Course Schedule
W Module
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1 Introduction
(Basics of Textiles)
2 Raw Materials
3 Raw Materials
4 Yarn Production
5 Yarn Production
6 Woven Fabric Production
7 Woven Fabric Production
8 Knitted Fabric Production
Intended Learning Outcomes Learning Materials
At the end of this week, the students should be able to: Textile Terms and
 Define Engineering, Textile Engineering. Definitions , Carolyn A.
 Fiber, Yarn, Fabric and Garment Farnfield, P. J. Alvey
Page no. 1-12, Textile
 Understand Textile products
Technology, By: Burkhard
 Pakistan’s Textile Growth
Wulfhorst
 Differentiate plant, animal and mineral fibers. Page no. 13-31, Textile
 Explain the sources or origins of natural fibers. Technology, By:
 Common uses of Natural fibers. BurkhardWulfhorst
 Differentiate regenerated and synthetic fibers. Page no.31-52, Textile
 Explain the sources or origins of manmade fibers. Technology, By:
 Common uses of Man-made fibers. BurkhardWulfhorst
 Understand process flow charts of basic operations of spinning. Page no.74-88, Textile
 Describe briefly basic preparatory operations, and feed of Technology, By:
different spinning machines for preparation. BurkhardWulfhorst
 Differentiate basic types of spinning e.g. Rotor and Ring Page no.88-100, Textile
 Discriminate basic types of yarns e.g. Filament, Ring spun and Technology, By:
Open End BurkhardWulfhorst
 Explain briefly the preparatory processes of fabric manufacturing Page no. 124-129, Textile
 Understand basic operations of weaving e.g shedding, picking Technology, By:
and beat up. BurkhardWulfhorst
 Differentiate basic types of picking mechanism e.g. shuttle and Page no. 130-141, Textile
shuttle-less weaving Technology, By:
 Differentiate basics of construction of woven fabric (Basic BurkhardWulfhorst
Weaves).
 Understand the basics of knitting operations Page no. 152-163, Textile
 Differentiate the basic types of knitted fabrics Technology, By:
BurkhardWulfhorst
Mid Term Examination 2
Course Schedule
Module Intended Learning Outcomes Learning Materials
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9 Nonwovens  Define the nonwovens Page no. 167- 187, Textile
 Explain process flow and machines for nonwovens Technology, By:
 Differentiate processes of web formation, bonding, drying and BurkhardWulfhorst
finishing
10 Preparation & Dyeing  Explain process flow and types of pretreatment processes Page no. 216- 231, Textile
 Differentiate types of dyes and dyeing processes and dyeing Technology, By:
machines. BurkhardWulfhorst
11 Printing & Finishing  Understand textile printing and explain its types according to Page no. 232- 242, Textile
machines. Technology, By:
 Differentiate types of textile finishes and finishing machines BurkhardWulfhorst
12 Clothing Production  Understand processes involved in clothing production Page no. 243- 248, Textile
 Differentiate fabric separation/cutting processes and machines Technology, By:
BurkhardWulfhorst
13 Clothing Production  Explain fabric joining processes Page no. 248-259, Textile
 Explain fabric forming processes Technology, By:
BurkhardWulfhorst
14 Technical Textiles  Define the technical textiles and their types Page no. 266- 295, Textile
 Explain some common examples of different categories of Technology, By:
Technical textile BurkhardWulfhorst
15 Textile Testing  Explain the purpose and Types of textile testing (Physical & Page no. 386- 398,
Chemical) Understanding Textiles, By:
 Have know how of Textile testing standards Phyllis G. Tortora
16 Disposal & Recycling of  Understand different types of textile disposal processes Page no. 296- 310, Textile
Textiles  Describe examples of recycling Technology, By:
BurkhardWulfhorst
End-semester examination

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Required Learning Resources

Text Book(s): Textile Technology, By: BurkhardWulfhorst

(Title, Author, Edition, Publisher)

Reference Book(s): 1. Textile Terms and Definitions, By: Carolyn A. Farnfield, P. J.

(Title, Author, Edition, Publisher) Alvey
2. Understanding Textiles, By: Phyllis G. Tortora

Journals/Periodicals:

Websites: https://sites.google.com/site/ntufmd/extra-credit

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Introduction to Textile (Basics of Textiles)
Engineering
Application of scientific, economic, social, and practical
knowledge in order to design, build, and maintain structures,
machines, devices, systems, materials and processes.
Textile Engineering
Application of scientific, economic, social, and practical
knowledge in order to design, build, and maintain textile
products, related machines, systems, textile materials and
textile processes.

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Textiles: A basic flow chart

Fibre Yarn Fabric

Garment Processing
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1- Fibre
It is defined as one of the delicate, hair portions of the tissues of a
plant or animal or other substances that are very small in diameter in
relation to their length.

Textile Fibre
Textile fiber can be spun into a yarn
or made into a fabric by various
methods including weaving, knitting,
braiding, felting, and twisting.

 Staple yarn
 Filament yarn

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Essential requirements for textile fibres
 length of at least 5 mm,
 flexibility,
 cohesive,
 sufficient strength
 elasticity,
 fineness,
 uniformity,
 durability,
 lustre

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2- Yarn
Assemblage of fibers, twisted or laid together
to form a continuous strand that can be made
into a textile fabric.

 Natural fibre yarn

 Man made fibre yarn

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Fabric
Fibers alone or in the form of yarns are combined to make a planer
structure called fabric.

Non-Woven Fabric

Woven Fabric

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Fabric
Fibers alone or in the form of yarns are combined to make a structure
called fabric.

Knitted Fabric

Braided Fabric

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History: Industrial Development
8000 B.C. flax was used by the Swiss Lake Dwellers

Before 4000 B.C. Silk was used in China.

Between 3500 to 3000 B.C. Cotton fiber and fabrics were used in
India and Peru.

About 2000 B.C. Domesticated sheep were raised in Mesopotamia.

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 History: Industrial Development
Manufactured by hand before 500 B.C. in China

Machine done by hand before the 18th century of the

Industrial Revolution
Intensive industrialization after Industrial Revolution(1770-
1850)

Flying shuttle 1733 John kay

Spinning jenny 1767 James Hargreaves
Water-powered spinning machine 1772 Richard Arkwright
Spinning mule 1779 Samuel Crompton
Power loom 1780 Edmund Cartwrigt

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History: Industrial Development

Economical development
2nd century B.C. to the 9th century A.D.

By the 12th century, England was a major exporter of wool

After A.D. 1500, India was a major exporter of dyed and cotton fabric of Europe

After Industrial Revolution, the textile and apparel industries developed in

Europe.

Now, the traditional industry is changing from labor-intensive to automation.

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