Contact Force

- The bodies are in direct

contact.
Noncontact Force
- Force that acts even if
interacting bodies separated
 Contact Force
1. Tension
Described as the pulling
force transmitted
axially by the means of
a string, a cable, chain,
or similar one-
dimensional
continuous object.
 Contact Force
2. Normal Force
It is a contact force by a surface on
an object. Its direction is
perpendicular but away from the
surface.
 Contact Force
3. Kinetic and Static Friction
Friction (Ff), This
contact force
acts to oppose
sliding motion
between
surfaces.
 Contact Force
4. Spring Force
It is a contact force
which is either a pull
or a push exerted on
an object by a spring.
 Contact Force
5. Thrust
This contact force is
the general term for
the forces that
move objects such
as rockets, airplanes
cars and people.
Contact Force
- The bodies are in direct
contact.
Noncontact Force
- Force that acts even if
interacting bodies separated
 Contact Force
1. Gravitational Force
Gravitational force is an attractive
force. This is the non-contact force
between two bodies in the universe
due to the gravitational attraction
between them.
 Contact Force
1. Gravitational Force
 Contact Force
2. Magnetic Force
 Contact Force
3. Electrical Force
This acts
between
objects that
are electrically
charge.
A painting of Sir Isaac Newton by Sir Godfrey Kneller (1689)
 INERTIAL
REFERANCE FRAME
• A frame of reference where
Newton’s first law of motion
holds.
• It is the viewpoint of the
observer of motion.
 "A body at rest will remain at
rest, and a body in motion will
remain in motion unless it is
acted upon by an external force."
-It is the property of a body
that tends to resist change in
its of motion.
-Mass is the measure of
inertia.
"The force acting on an object
is equal to the mass of that
object times its acceleration.“
F = ma
Unit of Force : N or dyne
1N = 1 kg m/s²
1dyne = 1 g cm/s²
1N = 10⁵ dynes
F = ma
∑F× = ma× ∑Fz = maz
∑Fy = may
Sample Problem
A 3kg block is acted upon by a force
F=(3.0î+4.0ĵ) N.
a. Find the magnitude of the
horizontal and vertical
components of acceleration of the
block.
b. Find the magnitude and direction
of the acceleration of the block
Sample Problem
a. ax = Fx / m
y ay = Fy / m
ĵ b. a = √ ax² + ay²
î
k̂ x
θ= tan ̄¹ ay/ax
z
Sample Problem
An astronaut weighs 931N here on earth.
a. What is his mass on Earth?
b. What is his mass on the surface of the
moon?
c. What is his weight on the surface of the
moon?
( Hint: The acceleration due to gravity on the
surface of the moon is 1.62 m/s² )
Sample Problem
The acceleration due to gravity on the
surface of Jupiter is 254% times that of
Earth. An object has a mass of 55kg here
on Earth. What will be its weight at the
surface of Jupiter?
"For every action, there is an
equal and opposite
reaction."
Action-reaction pair
- Action and reaction forces are equal in
magnitude but opposite in direction and
are assigned arbitrarily.
Sample Problem
At a roller skating rink, a girl pushes a boy,
causing a boy to accelerate at 1.5 m/s² to
the right. The masses of the boy and the
girl are 60kg and 50kg, respectively.
a. Find the force exerted by the girl on the
boy.
b. Find the force exerted by the boy on the
girl.
c. Find the acceleration of the girl.
Sample Problem
Mickey and Kyle of masses 35kg and 55kg,
respectively, are standing on a very
slippery icy surface. Kyle pushes Mickey
to the left with a force of 75N.
a. Find the acceleration of Mickey.
b. The force that Mickey exerts on Kyle.
c. Acceleration of Kyle.
FREE BODY DIAGRAM
- Is a physical model of an
object that is affected by
several forces both contact
and non contact forces.
NET FORCE
- It is the sum of all the forces
acting on the body.
 Example
• A cable is lifting a crate. The speed of the
crate is increasing. How are the forces on
the crate related to the change in speed?
Forces acting on the crate are Fg & FT.
Fg – weight of the crate
FT – Tension on the cable
a – acceleration (going up)
FT + (- Fg ) = Fnet
Fnet = ma
a = ∆v / ∆t
 Exercise

DRAW A FREE-BODY DIAGRAM

• 1. A rope pulls a box at constant speed across
a horizontal surface where there is friction.
• 2. A rope pulls a bucket upward at constant
speed. (ignore air resistance)
• 3. A skydiver jumps and falls downward
through the air at constant velocity. (air
resistance is important)
• 4. A book on a desk