AIDS????

Õ AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency

Syndrome)
Õ Caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency
Virus)
Õ Recognized in 1980 by CDC&P USA
Õ No cure but Antiretroviral Treatment
Õ AIDS Day: 1st December
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 Impact
Africa: Labor Force Losses Due To HIV/AIDS (%)

Labor Force: By 2005 By 2020

Botswana -17.2 -30.8

Õ Loss of young adults in their most productive
Lesotho -4.8 -10.6
years.
Malawi -10.7 -16.0
Õ Complete
Mozambique
overhauling
-9.0
of the development
-24.9
strategy
Namibia
and process
-12.8
thinking. -35.1

Õ 10%-15%
South Africa of the labor
-10.8 loss per decade.
-24.9

Tanzania -9.1 -14.6

Zimbabwe -19.7 -29.4

 Impact
Increased Costs:
Õ Direct Costs: Medical care, drugs and funeral
expenses.
Õ Indirect Costs: Lost time, recruitment and
training, replacement and care for orphans.
Õ Reduction in investment, reduction in
economic growth.
 Impact
Household:
Õ Loss of the breadwinner.
Õ Increased medical expenditure.
Õ Family members might sacrifice their school
or work for the sick person.
Õ Increased number of orphans.
1998: 100,000 orphans in South Africa
2010: 70,000-80,000 in KwaZulu-Natal
 Impact
Agriculture:
Õ Decrease in labor supply
Õ Remittance of income
Õ Food scarcity
In Namibia, agricultural extension workers
spend a tenth of their time attending funerals.
 Impact
Treatment
Health:

Õ Increased number of people seeking health
services.
#$ %
Õ Health care for AIDS patients&%'$
is more%
expensive
! than for most other conditions.
'() $ %
!"
Õ Government can face prioritizing issues.
 Impact
Education:
Õ Reducing supply of teachers.
Õ Children might miss school.
Õ School fees might be unaffordable.
In Central Africa 85% of the teachers who
died, were because of AIDS from 1996-2005.
 Impact
Mining:
Õ Difficult and costly to replace skillful workers.
2005: About 25% of the total miners were
infected with AIDS.
2010: 12,000-14,000
 Impact
Õ Reduction in the number of workers, less experienced
workers replace these experienced workers, worker
productivity is reduced.
Õ Higher wages Î Higher domestic production costs .
Õ South Africa: Mortality: 99.5/1000
Without AIDS: Mortality: 48.5/1000
Swaziland: Loss of 6.3 million people Î20% decrease in
GDP.
South Africa: 17% Decrease Î 22 billion.
Decrease of 2% in GDP per year.
 Remedies
Õ Preventing New Infections
Õ Designing Major Development Projects With
Proper Planning
Õ Addressing Specific Problems
Õ Mitigating Poverty
Õ AIDS, not just a health issue but a Socio-
Economic Problem