PAINTING

Painting is the art of

applying pigments
to a surface in order
to present a picture
of the subject.
Methods of painting
Medium
Oil and fresco used to
be the favourite
mediums of great
painters in the second
half of the last
millennium.
Acrylic and poster
colors, which are
readily available in
book stores and
department stores.
Watercolor,
tempera, pastel,
acrylic, and
encaustic.
 Oil
Oil painting is done with the use
of ground pigments (from
minerals, coal tar, vegetable
matter, etc.) Oil paintings are
long-lasting, slow in drying, easy
to handle. Oil paints are applied
in either of two ways.
1.The direct method, in which the
paints are opaque and once
they are applied on the surface;
and
2.The indirect method, in which
the paints are transparent and
they are applied in many thin
layers or coatings.
 Fresco
Fresco (Italian for Fresh)
painting is done with the use
of earth pigments mixed with
water and applied to fresh
plaster or glue which attaches
the color to the surface like a
wall.
1. When the plaster is wet, the
painting is described as buon
fresco or true fresco.
2. On the other hand, when
the plaster is dry the painting
is described as fresco secco
or dry fresco.
The Fresco paintings are
durable. It is quick to dry. Fresco
paintings are not movable
because they are permanently
attached to the walls; and
fresco paintings are subject to
loss in the event that the walls
are destroyed.
Water Color
Water color is done
with the use of pigments
mixed with water and
applied to fine white
paper.
Tempera
Tempera paintings is done
with the use of ground
pigments mixed with an
albuminous or colloidal
vehicle (egg yolk, gum,
glue, or casein).
Pastel
Pastel painting is done with
the use of pastel colors
closely resembling dry
pigments bound to form
crayons, which are directly
applied to the surface.
Acrylic
Acrylic painting is done
with the use synthetic
paints called acrylics
mixed with a vehicle
capable of being thinned
with water.
Encaustic
Encaustic painting is
done with the use of hot
wax as a vehicle to bind
pigments to a wooden
panel or a wall.
Subjects
There are so many subjects that
can be presented in painting.
1. The Prehistoric men painted
animals on walls of caves.
2. The Early Egyptians painted
fragments of life stories of the
pharaohs.
3. The Greeks and Romans
were so fond of their male
and female deities.
4. The Renaissance painters
did portraits of Mary and
Jesus and depicted biblical
stories.
Portraiture
Portraits are pictures of men and
women singly or collectively. Thus,
paintings of men’s faces, if not their
entire bodies, became a hit. Sad to
say, it was the elite, particularly the
kings and the noblemen, who
could afford the services of good
painters.
 Animals and Plants
In the early stages of men’s
development (hunting and food-
gathering), his first encounters were
with animals and plants. Because of
this constant contact with and their
interest in these living organisms, The
earliest paintings discovered in several
caves in Europe were those of animals.
Still Life
Still life is a painting of an
inanimate object or a non-living
thing placed on a table or another
setting. A basket of fruits, a bag of
groceries, a pack of cigarettes, a
bunch of flowers and a bucket of
chicken are examples of still life.
 Country Life
Local events such as a barrio
fiesta, a fluvial parade, a
bountiful rice harvest, a big
catch of fishes, and a natural
calamity are exciting painting
subjects.
Landscape
Any of the water form can be
the subject of a seascape
painting. These water forms
include the ocean, the sea, the
river, the lake, the brook, the
pond, the falls, and the like.
Cityscape
An aerial view of a city
or a portion of it can be
the subject of a
cityscape painting.
 Event
Events are among the favorite subjects
of painters. The “Spoliarium” and the
“Blood Compact” of Juan Luna and the
“Christian Virgins Exposed to the
Populace” of Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo
are examples of such subjects. “Moses
Commanding the Red Sea to Divide” is
another illustration.
Religious Items
Religious objects are as
commonly used subjects
today as they were
during the Medieval and
Renaissance Periods.
Other
Mythological, Fictional,
and cartoon characters
are also favorite subjects
for painting, and objects
dear to the painters are
common subjects.
1.__________(Italian for Fresh) painting is done
with the use of earth pigments mixed with
water and applied to fresh plaster or glue.
2.________ is done with the use of pigments
mixed with water and applied to fine white
paper.
3.- 4. Give at least 2 medium of painting.
5. Give at least 1 method of painting.
6 -7. ______ and _______ are used to be
the favourite mediums of great painters
in the second half of the last millennium.